Knowledge · Topics

Fatigue and Stress

What has been researched on fatigue, stress burden, and sleep?

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States of exhaustion are difficult to measure and are heavily influenced by the expectation effect. Controlled studies carry particular weight in this context.

1. Which Substances Have Been Investigated for This Purpose

The overview shows how many studies exist per substance and type of investigation. A single study may be assigned to multiple topics—therefore, the numbers are not additive but instead describe this specific subset.

SubstanceIn HumansOf Which ControlledHuman TissuePreliminary Work
Chronic Inflammation736109311163
Gut Microbiome4498224858
Adaptogens31314938605
Vitamin D205457119
Turmeric and Curcumin1685221447

2. All Substances and Therapies with Controlled Studies on Fatigue and Stress

123 substance and therapy pages assign controlled human studies to this area. The number comes from each page; one study can belong to several areas.

Substance or therapycontrolled human studies
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)823
Mindfulness and Meditation (MBSR)318
Virtual Reality Therapy280
Music Therapy227
Acupressure221
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)202
Tai Chi and Qigong202
Stress, Cortisol and Inflammation196
HRV Biofeedback and Vagus Nerve Training175
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)174
Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Autogenic Training170
Respiratory Therapy and Breathwork156
Endurance Training152
Adaptogens143
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)131
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)125
Hypnotherapy120
Massage Therapy119
Probiotics116
Strength Training115
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)102
Light Therapy101
Aromatherapy96
Chronic Inflammation96
Caffeine76
Gut Microbiome74
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy63
Reflexology Massage62
Pilates60
Lifestyle Programmes57
Ketogenic Diet45
Anthocyanins from Berries43
Omega-3 Fatty Acids42
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)42
EFT (Tapping Acupressure, Emotional Freedom Techniques)41
Dance Therapy40
Reiki36
Cocoa Flavanols35
Balneotherapy and Moor Therapy34
Art Therapy33
Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFR)32
Homeopathy32
Therapeutic Fasting and Intermittent Fasting31
Mediterranean Diet30
Osteopathy and Manual Therapy30
Forest Bathing (Shinrin-Yoku)28
Animal-Assisted Therapy26
Ginkgo Biloba25
Kinesiotaping25
Olive Polyphenols (Hydroxytyrosol)25
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)23
Carnosine22
Dry Needling22
Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa)18
Polyphenols17
Yoga17
Grape Seed Extract (OPC)16
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)16
Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF)16
Pine Bark Extract15
Sulforaphane15
Beta-Alanine14
DASH Diet14
Whole-Body Vibration14
Cupping13
Medicinal Mushrooms (Reishi, Chaga, Cordyceps)12
Mistletoe Therapy12
Beta-Glucans11
Chromium (Chromium Picolinate)11
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)11
L-Citrulline11
Cryotherapy and Cold Water Applications10
Elamipretide (SS-31)10
Phosphatidylserine10
Piperine10
Lycopene9
Microneedling9
Ozone Therapy9
Butyrate (Butyric Acid)8
Ellagic Acid7
NAD Precursors (NMN, NR)7
Theacrine7
Betaine (Trimethylglycine)6
Chlorogenic Acid6
Low-FODMAP Diet6
Manual Lymphatic Drainage6
Astragalus Membranaceus (Milk Vetch)5
Fascia Training5
Hyperthermia5
Lutein and Zeaxanthin5
Mineral Binders (Zeolite, Bentonite)5
Niacin5
Saw Palmetto (Serenoa Repens)5
Trigger Point Therapy5
Ergothioneine4
Hericium (Lion’s Mane)4
Hesperidin4
Mangiferin4
MIND Diet4
Naringenin4
Purple Coneflower (Echinacea Purpurea)4
Rosmarinic Acid4
Sauna4
Bacopa Monnieri (Brahmi)3
Pelargonium Sidoides3
qEEG-based Neurofeedback3
S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe)3
Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS)3
Urolithin A3
Centella Asiatica (Gotu Kola)2
Citicolin (CDP-Choline)2
Coffee Fruit Extract2
Delta-Tocotrienol2
Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Therapy2
Kaempferol2
Moringa Oleifera (Horseradish Tree)2
MOTS-c and Mitochondrial Peptides2
Bioacoustic Therapy (Sound Frequency Therapy)1
Epitalon1
Gamma-Oryzanol1
Hesperetin1
Neural Therapy1
Niacinamide1

3. The Most Robust Studies

Ranked by evidential strength, not by popularity.

Controlled Human Study

  • 1 "Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients (2020)"
  • 2 Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomised controlled trial and an (2015)
  • 3 A prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of a high-concentration, full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root (2012)
  • 4 Wisconsin Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) to improve cancer-related fatigue: a randomised, double-blind trial, N07C2 (2013)
  • 5 Curcumin supplementation improves vascular endothelial function in healthy middle-aged and older adults by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and (2017)
  • 6 Effects of phytosomal curcumin on anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, cortisol levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indices: a double-blind (2020)
  • 7 Pilot study of Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng) to improve cancer-related fatigue: a randomised, double-blind, dose-finding evaluation: NCCTG trial (2010)
  • 8 An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled (2019)
  • 9 Vitamin D receptor stimulation to reduce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infections: Revised Ms SBM (2020)
  • 10 Reduction of delayed onset muscle soreness by a novel curcumin delivery system (Meriva®): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial (2014)
  • 11 Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study (2019)
  • 12 Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Cognitive Function Through Reducing Oxidative Stress Regulated by Telomere Length in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive (2020)
  • 13 Body Weight Management in Adults Under Chronic Stress Through Treatment With Ashwagandha Root Extract: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2017)
  • 14 Calcifediol Treatment and Hospital Mortality Due to COVID-19: A Cohort Study (2021)
  • 15 Safety and Clinical Effectiveness of Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal Root in Human Ailments (2020)
  • 16 Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract in Insomnia and Anxiety: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Study (2019)
  • 17 Rhodiola rosea for Physical and Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review (2012)
  • 18 Vitamin D Supplementation in COVID-19 Patients: A Clinical Case Series (2020)
  • 19 Rhodiola rosea L. as a Putative Botanical Antidepressant (2016)
  • 20 A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study Examining the Hormonal and Vitality Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) in Ageing Adults (2019)

Sources

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
    Barton DL, Liu H, Dakhil SR, Linquist B, Sloan JA, Nichols CR et al. · 2013
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
    Alcala-Diaz JF, Limia-Perez L, Gomez-Huelgas R, Martin-Escalante MD, Cortes-Rodriguez B, Zambrana-Garcia JL et al. · 2021
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
    Ishaque S, Shamseer L, Bukutu C, Vohra S · 2012
  18. 18
    Ohaegbulam KC, Swalih M, Patel P, Smith MA, Perrin R · 2020
  19. 19
  20. 20

Every statement on this page carries its evidence tier — proven, plausible or hypothesis — and leads to the original work. The decision in the individual case rests with the practitioner; we provide the connections.

International Health Research · https://ih-research.com/en/knowledge/topic/fatigue-and-stress/ · Last updated: 2026-10-15