Knowledge · Natural Compounds

Collagen

Q: Does Collagen help with joints and joint pain? What the studies show

We evaluated 11 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 40 controlled studies and 23 further studies; the controlled studies include 3,432 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [1, 3, 6, 9]

Q: Does Collagen help with skin and skin elasticity? What the studies show

We evaluated 8 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 32 controlled studies and 26 further studies; the controlled studies include 2,042 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [1, 2, 4, 5]

Q: Does Collagen help with musculature? What the studies show

We evaluated 5 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 32 controlled studies and 9 further studies; the controlled studies include 1,343 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [1, 8, 11, 12]

Q: Does Collagen help with bone density? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 12 controlled studies and 9 further studies; the controlled studies include 797 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [1, 16, 18, 19]

Q: Does Collagen help with tendons and ligaments? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 9 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 291 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [8, 12, 15, 22]

Q: Does Collagen help with hair and nails? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 125 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: moderate. Sources: [57, 148, 160, 173]

Q: Which collagen forms were studied in human studies?

Most studies tested oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen) as a drink, powder or capsule. Non-denatured type II collagen was studied in capsule form, gelatin in individual studies on muscle soreness and recovery. Collagen-containing foods such as bone broth and collagen in skin creams were less often the subject of controlled studies.

Collagen is the most common structural protein in the body; human studies show benefits for joints, skin, tendons and muscles.

Last updated: 2026-10-15

We evaluated 235 human studies on Collagen, including 122 randomised controlled trials and 30 meta-analyses or systematic reviews; the controlled studies include 7,680 participants in total. As of 4 October 2026.

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1. What Is Collagen? Occurrence, Origin and Forms

Collagen is a structural protein and the most abundant protein in the human body. It forms the scaffold of skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone and blood vessels. Traditionally it is taken in through gelatin-containing foods such as bone broths and aspics, and today also through collagen preparations.

Collagen occurs in the connective tissue of humans and animals, especially in skin, tendons, cartilage and bone. For preparations it is obtained from animal hides, bones and cartilage as well as from fish skin and fish scales.

The starting material is animal collagen, which is processed into gelatin by heating or into shorter collagen peptides by enzymatic cleavage. Studies mainly examine orally taken collagen peptides, gelatin and undenatured type II collagen from cartilage.

Forms and Preparations Studied

Collagen peptides (hydrolysed collagen)
Gelatin
Undenatured type II collagen
Collagen-containing foods such as bone broth
Collagen in skin creams and other topical preparations

Not covered on this page:

Elastin
Hyaluronic acid
Whey protein
Creatine

2. What Does Collagen Do? Results by Area

Area	Result in controlled studies	Strength of evidence	Studies	Participants
Joints and joint pain	mostly improved	high	11 meta-analyses · 40 controlled · 23 other	3,432
Skin and skin elasticity	mostly improved	high	8 meta-analyses · 32 controlled · 26 other	2,042
Musculature	mixed	high	5 meta-analyses · 32 controlled · 9 other	1,343
Bone density	mixed	high	3 meta-analyses · 12 controlled · 9 other	797
Tendons and ligaments	mostly improved	high	3 meta-analyses · 9 controlled · 5 other	291
Hair and nails	mostly improved	moderate	0 meta-analyses · 3 controlled · 5 other	125
Other investigations	mostly improved	high	6 meta-analyses · 56 controlled · 28 other	2,596

How to read the table: counted are human studies whose results concern the area. “High” means at least one meta-analysis and two controlled studies showing improvement, or at least three controlled studies of which three quarters show improvement, with at least 300 participants in total. “Moderate” means at least two controlled studies showing improvement, as a majority, or one meta-analysis alongside controlled studies. “Low” means one controlled study showing improvement. Where an area has no controlled study, the strength of evidence is at most “low” (result “reviews only” or “observational data only”). Everything else is “unclear”. A study counts as showing improvement when at least half of its outcomes in this area improved. Reviews of combination products do not count as meta-analyses; results that only describe side effects or shares of users do not count as an effect. The same study is counted only once.

3. What the Studies Show in Detail

Collagen, Joints and Joint Pain: Human Studies

In joint pain and knee osteoarthritis, several controlled studies and meta-analyses showed improvements in pain and function with oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen) 6 9 31 34 58. Non-denatured type II collagen improved knee mobility compared with placebo in three randomized controlled studies 53 73 86. Individual studies examined combination preparations, such as a liquid nutraceutical with hydrolyzed fish collagen, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine and other substances 42, or a collagen hydrolysate with minerals and vitamins 54; these findings cannot be attributed to collagen alone. The overall reliability is high, but many studies were small and short, and information on manufacturer funding is missing for several preparations.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 Ravindran et al. 2026	systematic review · 7,983 participants	collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. placebo/control (not reported)	osteoarthritis: improved
3 Zahed et al. 2025	systematic review · 1,264 participants	Collagen meniscus implant, matrix-based meniscus repair, oral collagen supplementation; Follow-up up to 10 years; vs. Comparison of the three collagen interventions with each other	Lysholm score after collagen meniscus implant: improved (80 to 95); Subjective IKDC score after collagen meniscus implant: improved (77-95); Partial resorption on MRI after collagen meniscus implant: worsened (79%-92% of cases)
6 Simental-Mendía et al. 2025	meta-analysis · 870 participants	Oral collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. Placebo	Function score: improved (MD, -6.46 (95% CI -9.52, -3.40); I2=75%; p=0.00001); Pain score: improved (MD, -13.63 (95% CI -20.67, -6.58); I2=88%; p=0.00001)
9 Lin et al. 2023	meta-analysis · 507 participants	Collagen peptides or hydrolyzed collagen; vs. Placebo	Pain relief: improved (SMD: -0.58; 95% CI -0.98, -0.18, p = 0.004)
17 Gupta et al. 2025	systematic review	Undenatured type II collagen (UC-2); 40 mg daily; short- and mid-term (exact duration not reported); vs. no comparator; review of preclinical and clinical studies	inflammation and pain: improved; function and range of motion (ROM): improved
18 Brueckheimer et al. 2025	systematic review	Oral type I hydrolyzed collagen; vs. Control groups of included RCTs	Pain reduction and clinical parameters: improved; Physical mobility and ankle function: improved
24 Jabbari et al. 2022	systematic review	Collagen supplementation: intact, hydrolyzed and type II collagen; vs. routine treatments or controls	efficacy in OA and RA: unclear; adverse effects of collagen supplementation
25 Khatri et al. 2021	systematic review	Collagen peptide supplementation (COL), partly combined with exercise; 15 g/day COL (reported for collagen synthesis); vs. Usual care/control or isonitrogenous higher quality protein	Joint functionality and joint pain: improved

Further studies in this area: 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 42 46 48 53 54 58 59 63 65 68 70 73 75 76 86 91 93 105 107 111 113 127 144 149 150 152 153 158 166 167 172 173 175 176 177 178 204 212 214 215 219 220 221 223 224 226 227 228 230 231 232 233

Collagen, Skin and Skin Elasticity: Human Studies

For skin and skin elasticity, several controlled studies and meta-analyses showed improvements in skin elasticity after oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen) 2 4 5 7 13 43. Skin moisture also improved in several controlled studies and meta-analyses with collagen peptides 2 4 5 13 43 44. For wrinkles, a series of randomized controlled studies with collagen peptides found an improvement 4 13 23 43 47 49. Skin roughness and dermal density improved more with collagen peptides than with placebo in several randomized controlled studies 44 47 50 67. A systematic review and a randomized controlled study also report more collagen in the dermis 7 110. In contrast, three randomized controlled studies found no difference from placebo in skin elasticity, skin thickness or skin moisture 51 56 84. For skin firmness, hydrolyzed collagen was inferior to an eggshell membrane (MKARE®) in a randomized controlled study 145. Two randomized controlled studies tested combination preparations: with acerola fruit extract, vitamin C, zinc, biotin and vitamin E 66 and, funded by the manufacturer, with wheat germ oil, ceramides and lutein 77.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 Ravindran et al. 2026	systematic review · 7,983 participants	collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. placebo/control (not reported)	skin elasticity and hydration: improved
2 Pu et al. 2023	meta-analysis · 1,721 participants	Hydrolyzed collagen (HC) supplementation; varying supplementation duration analyzed in subgroups; vs. placebo group	skin hydration: improved (Z = 4.94, p < 0.00001); skin elasticity: improved (Z = 4.49, p < 0.00001)
4 de et al. 2021	meta-analysis · 1,125 participants	Oral hydrolyzed collagen supplementation; 90 days; vs. Placebo	Skin hydration: improved; Skin elasticity: improved; Skin wrinkles: improved
5 Dewi et al. 2023	meta-analysis · 967 participants	Oral hydrolyzed collagen supplementation; 12 weeks; vs. Placebo	Skin moisture levels: improved; Skin elasticity: improved
7 Choi et al. 2019	systematic review · 805 participants	Oral collagen supplements: hydrolysate, tripeptide, dipeptide; Hydrolysate 2.5–10 g/d; tripeptide 3 g/d; 8–24 weeks (hydrolysate); 4–12 weeks (tripeptide); vs. Placebo	Skin elasticity and hydration: improved (notable improvement); Dermal collagen density: improved; Skin aging: improved
10 Howell-Morris et al. 2020	systematic review · 430 participants	Orally administered collagen peptides, one study combined with antioxidants; 570 mg/d to 10 g/d; 8 weeks to 6 months; vs. Randomised controlled trials, mostly with control measures for confounders	Dermal thickness: improved (significant improvement); Dermal collagen or pro-collagen content: improved (two of the studies showed improvement); Dermal elasticity: improved (three of the studies showed improvement)
13 Bassila et al. 2026	systematic review · 25 participants	Oral hydrolyzed collagen (HC); vs. Placebo or active comparators	Skin hydration: improved (improved in 10 of 15 trials); Skin elasticity: improved (10 of 13 trials); Wrinkle depth or volume: improved (9 of 10 trials)
21 Rahman et al. 2024	systematic review	marine collagen, partly enriched with amino acids	skin aging and skin health: improved

Further studies in this area: 23 27 42 43 44 45 47 49 50 51 56 57 60 61 66 67 69 74 77 78 84 88 101 104 110 121 142 145 148 156 157 159 160 161 173 174 180 184 188 190 192 194 196 197 198 200 201 202 205 210 211 213 214 218 220 222 225 229

Collagen and Musculature: Human Studies

With strength training, fat-free mass increased more with collagen peptides than with placebo in a meta-analysis and several randomized controlled studies 8 52 62 81 87 117. Muscle strength increased more than with placebo in two studies 62 87, but not in three others 81 92 97. Muscle soreness after exertion was lower than with placebo in one randomized controlled study 125, but not in another 85. Muscle protein synthesis did not increase more with collagen than with placebo 94 116 and remained behind whey protein, yeast protein and α-lactalbumin 25 133 137. Muscle cross-section did not grow more with training under collagen than under placebo in three randomized controlled studies 81 92 112, but calf muscle thickness did in one study 97. Anabolic signaling pathways in muscle were more activated after strength training with collagen peptides than with placebo 151; a multi-component protein preparation increased type II muscle fibers more than collagen 162. The findings come predominantly from small, short studies in trained or older adults; some tested combination preparations with chicken essence 38 39, vitamins and minerals 54 or whey protein 95.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 Ravindran et al. 2026	systematic review · 7,983 participants	collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. placebo/control (not reported)	muscular health: improved
8 Bischof et al. 2024	meta-analysis · 768 participants	Collagen peptide supplements (hydrolyzed collagen); at least 8 weeks (one 3-week trial for maximal strength only; 1 week without exercise for recovery); vs. Control group (RCTs)	Fat-free mass: improved (SMD 0.48, p < 0.01); Muscle architecture: improved (SMD 0.39, p < 0.01); Maximal strength: improved (SMD 0.19, p < 0.01)
11 Inacio et al. 2024	systematic review · 286 participants	Collagen peptides or hydrolyzed collagen, low molecular weight (2000-3500 daltons); vs. Placebo or control	Muscle stress after acute strenuous resistance training: improved
12 Buchalski et al. 2026	systematic review · 257 participants	Collagen supplementation, type not specified; 5-30 g/day, some with vitamin C ≥50 mg; 3-15 weeks, combined with resistance/plyometric training; vs. Placebo	Muscle strength: no difference (no additive effects of collagen); Muscle cross-sectional area: unclear (GRADE C)
18 Brueckheimer et al. 2025	systematic review	Oral type I hydrolyzed collagen; vs. Control groups of included RCTs	Muscle health: unclear
19 Sun et al. 2025	meta-analysis	Collagen peptides, partly with vitamin D and calcium; vs. Control groups without collagen peptides	Muscle performance: improved (SMD 0.60 [0.05, 1.15])
25 Khatri et al. 2021	systematic review	Collagen peptide supplementation (COL), partly combined with exercise; 15 g/day COL (reported for collagen synthesis); vs. Usual care/control or isonitrogenous higher quality protein	Muscle protein synthesis (MPS): no difference
38 Chen et al. 2023	randomised controlled · 160 participants	Hydrolyzed type II collagen (HC-II) or chicken essence with added HC-II (EC-HC-II); 24 weeks; vs. Glucosamine HCl and placebo, all with resistance training	Fat-free mass at 24 weeks (EC-HC-II vs. placebo/glucosamine): improved (p = 0.02); Grip strength at 24 weeks (EC-HC-II vs. glucosamine): improved (p = 0.002)

Further studies in this area: 39 52 54 62 80 81 85 87 92 94 95 97 105 112 114 115 116 117 119 120 122 125 126 128 133 137 141 143 151 162 164 181 206 208 209 214 223 224

Collagen and Bone Density: Human Studies

A meta-analysis found higher bone density at the femoral neck and spine with collagen peptides, especially together with calcium and vitamin D 19. In a randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia, collagen peptides in addition to calcium and vitamin D improved bone density and bone turnover more than calcium and vitamin D alone 89 90. In premenopausal female endurance runners, a bone formation marker increased with collagen peptides, but not in the control group 118. A calcium-collagen chelate slowed the loss of whole-body bone density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia more than calcium and vitamin D alone 102. In contrast, a randomized controlled trial in older adults after total hip replacement found no differences in bone formation and bone resorption markers 98. A randomized controlled trial in sarcopenic men found no difference in bone mass 87, and a randomized controlled trial in young healthy men found no differences in bone formation and bone resorption markers 132. In part, collagen was tested in combination: in a meta-analysis partly with vitamin D and calcium 19, in a study in children in one group with calcium 79, and in two studies with chicken essence 38 39. The optimal form, dose and duration of intake as well as the transferability to men and younger healthy individuals remain open, since the positive findings predominantly concerned postmenopausal women and the participant numbers of the individual studies were small.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 Ravindran et al. 2026	systematic review · 7,983 participants	collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. placebo/control (not reported)	bone health: improved
16 Kuhlman et al. 2026	systematic review	oral collagen peptide supplementation; vs. heterogeneous study designs, some neutral findings	bone turnover markers (P1NP, CTX): improved; bone mineral density (whole body, femoral neck, lumbar spine): improved
18 Brueckheimer et al. 2025	systematic review	Oral type I hydrolyzed collagen; vs. Control groups of included RCTs	Bone health: unclear
19 Sun et al. 2025	meta-analysis	Collagen peptides, partly with vitamin D and calcium; vs. Control groups without collagen peptides	Bone mineral density (femoral neck and spine): improved; Bone turnover markers: improved (SMD 0.40-0.58); Bone mineral density with vitamin D and calcium: improved (SMDs 0.40-0.56)
21 Rahman et al. 2024	systematic review	marine collagen, partly enriched with amino acids	bone damage (tissue engineering): improved
38 Chen et al. 2023	randomised controlled · 160 participants	Hydrolyzed type II collagen (HC-II) or chicken essence with added HC-II (EC-HC-II); 24 weeks; vs. Glucosamine HCl and placebo, all with resistance training	Bone mass: unclear
39 Chen et al. 2020	randomised controlled · 160 participants	FlexC-II (type II collagen hydrolysate) or BEC-FlexC-II (with chicken essence); 24 weeks; vs. Glucosamine HCl and placebo, all with resistance training	Left hip bone mass (BEC-FlexC-II, subgroup): improved (P = 0.01; P = 0.049)
79 Martin-Bautista et al. 2011	randomised controlled · 60 participants	commercial hydrolyzed collagen (Gelatine Royal); 4 months; vs. placebo (G-I), collagen (G-II), collagen+calcium (G-III)	serum IGF-1: improved (p < 0.01); plasma tALP: improved (p < 0.05); serum bALP: improved (p < 0.05)

Further studies in this area: 87 89 90 95 98 102 118 132 154 181 182 199 207 219 220 232

Collagen, Tendons and Ligaments: Human Studies

In tendons, the cross-sectional area increased more with strength training under collagen peptides than with training alone in a systematic review and several randomized controlled trials, sometimes with vitamin C 22 92 97 119 122. Tendon stiffness improved in individual randomized controlled trials with collagen peptides plus vitamin C 122 126 136, while other controlled trials found no difference here 22 92 97 99. The findings are based predominantly on small, short studies in healthy, training men.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
8 Bischof et al. 2024	meta-analysis · 768 participants	Collagen peptide supplements (hydrolyzed collagen); at least 8 weeks (one 3-week trial for maximal strength only; 1 week without exercise for recovery); vs. Control group (RCTs)	Tendon morphology: improved (SMD 0.67, p < 0.01)
12 Buchalski et al. 2026	systematic review · 257 participants	Collagen supplementation, type not specified; 5-30 g/day, some with vitamin C ≥50 mg; 3-15 weeks, combined with resistance/plyometric training; vs. Placebo	Tendon cross-sectional area: improved (3 of 4 studies reported significantly greater increases); Tendon stiffness/Young's modulus: improved (15-30 g/day)
15 Latini et al. 2026	systematic review	Hydrolyzed collagen peptides, oral or injectable, some multicomponent; vs. Control groups in randomized trials (placebo/rehabilitation)	Pain, function, analgesic use, imaging outcomes: improved
22 Boldt et al. 2023	systematic review	Collagen supplementation; vs. Exercise alone	Pain mitigation: improved; Tendon cross-sectional area: improved; Tendon thickness: improved
65 López-Vidriero et al. 2019	randomised controlled · 72 participants	Progen, oral nutritional supplement; 90-day follow-up; vs. no additional therapy (control group)	Graft maturation (MRI, grades 3 and 4): improved (61.8% vs 38.2%; P < .01)
92 Jerger et al. 2023	randomised controlled · 50 participants	specific collagen peptides (SCP) vs. placebo; 5 g daily; 14 weeks; vs. placebo plus identical resistance training	patellar tendon cross-sectional area: improved (p < 0.05); tendon stiffness: no difference (p < 0.01)
97 Jerger et al. 2022	randomised controlled · 40 participants	specific collagen peptides (SCP) vs. placebo; 5 g SCP daily; 14 weeks; vs. placebo (5 g) plus identical resistance training program	Achilles tendon cross-sectional area: improved (+11.0%); tendon stiffness: no difference
99 Balshaw et al. 2023	randomised controlled · 39 participants	bioactive collagen peptides (CP) vs. placebo; 15 g once daily; 15 weeks; vs. placebo during standardized lower-body resistance training (3x/week)	patellar tendon cross-sectional area: no difference (0.365 ≤ P ≤ 0.877); vastus lateralis aponeurosis area: no difference (0.365 ≤ P ≤ 0.877); patellar tendon stiffness: no difference (0.365 ≤ P ≤ 0.877)

Further studies in this area: 119 122 126 136 163 186 189 206 223

Collagen, Hair and Nails: Human Studies

For nails, nail color in healthy women improved earlier under collagen peptides than under placebo in a randomized controlled trial 57. In a randomized controlled trial with hydrolyzed collagen and vitamin C, hair appearance improved compared with placebo, with no confirmed difference in hair count 148. Collagen with hyaluronic acid, biotin, and vitamins C and E was associated with less hair loss in a non-randomized study 160. The strength of evidence is moderate, but the findings come from small samples and sometimes short intake periods; it remains open whether the effect is due to collagen alone or to the added substances.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
57 Vleminckx et al. 2024	randomised controlled · 85 participants	collagen peptide dietary supplement (5 g) vs. placebo (maltodextrin 5 g); 5 g daily; 84 days (assessments at day 28 and 84); vs. placebo (maltodextrin 5 g), both groups used standardized face cream	nail color: improved
148 Reilly et al. 2024	randomised controlled	Absolute Collagen (AC), hydrolysed collagen with vitamin C; 12 weeks; vs. Placebo	Scalp scaling (trichoscopy): improved (11.0%); Total number of hairs: no difference (27.6%); Clinical grading score for hair healthy appearance: improved (31.9%)
160 Trehan et al. 2024	controlled · 40 participants	Skin Radiance Collagen (SRC), collagen with antioxidants; 56 days; vs. Placebo	hair fall: improved (28%)
173 Goresh et al. 2025	cross-sectional study · 171 participants	Oral marine collagen, mostly powder form (80.4%); Use for 4-8 weeks in a subset of users; vs. No control arm; users vs. non-users or by duration of use	Hair/nail improvement: improved (13, 23.2%); Hair/nail improvement with 4-8 weeks use vs. shorter (73.7% versus 26.3%, p=0.033)
180 Bhardwaj et al. 2025	study · 38 participants	AI-personalized kits with topical serums, shampoos, oral supplements and marine collagen peptides; 24 weeks; vs. no control arm, before-after	hair growth, coverage and thickness: improved (P<0.001 for all); hair shedding: improved (decreased by 37.3% at 12 weeks and 32.4% at 24 weeks); hair texture (scanning electron microscopy): improved
185 Hexsel et al. 2017	study · 25 participants	bioactive collagen peptides (BCP, VERISOL®); 2.5 g once daily; 24 weeks, then 4-week off-therapy; vs. no control group (open-label)	nail growth rate: improved (increase of 12%); frequency of broken nails: improved (decrease of 42%); global clinical improvement in brittle nails: improved (64%)
211 Biełach-Bazyluk et al. 2026	review	Oral collagen supplements, mostly collagen peptides, some multi-ingredient formulations; short study durations; manufacturer-funded	hair thickness and strength, nail growth: improved
217 Zaraa et al. 2025	review	nail dietary supplements, including collagen peptides	clinical appearance, strength and brittleness of nails: improved

Collagen: Further Outcomes in Studies

Fat mass decreased more with collagen peptides than with placebo in several randomized controlled trials 52 55 64 87, but not in others 80 85 106. Quality of life improved in several controlled studies with collagen peptides or non-denatured type II collagen 46 150 166. For bioavailability, several controlled studies showed higher plasma amino acid levels after collagen peptides 94 116 140. Individual controlled studies found improvements in inflammatory markers 118 144, while another found no difference here 124. Taken before sleep, collagen peptides reduced nighttime awakening in a randomized controlled trial, but not sleep duration or sleep quality 134. In another, easily fatigued adults felt less tired after sleep 147. The findings apply to the respective forms and preparations studied, mostly collagen peptides as a drink or capsule over several weeks; the transferability to other collagen forms, the role of combination preparations and the long-term clinical relevance of the observed changes remain open.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 Ravindran et al. 2026	systematic review · 7,983 participants	collagen supplements (form not specified); vs. placebo/control (not reported)	oral health and cardiometabolic parameters: unclear
8 Bischof et al. 2024	meta-analysis · 768 participants	Collagen peptide supplements (hydrolyzed collagen); at least 8 weeks (one 3-week trial for maximal strength only; 1 week without exercise for recovery); vs. Control group (RCTs)	48 h recovery in reactive strength following exercise-induced muscle damage: improved (SMD 0.43, p = 0.045)
9 Lin et al. 2023	meta-analysis · 507 participants	Collagen peptides or hydrolyzed collagen; vs. Placebo	Adverse events (OR: 1.66; 95% CI 0.99, 2.78, p = 0.05)
12 Buchalski et al. 2026	systematic review · 257 participants	Collagen supplementation, type not specified; 5-30 g/day, some with vitamin C ≥50 mg; 3-15 weeks, combined with resistance/plyometric training; vs. Placebo	Eccentric rate of force development/deceleration impulse: improved (One study reported improvements); Jump height: no difference (unaffected)
13 Bassila et al. 2026	systematic review · 25 participants	Oral hydrolyzed collagen (HC); vs. Placebo or active comparators	Quality of life: unclear (variable improvements)
14 Fan et al. 2026	systematic review	Glycine-, collagen- or other glycine-containing supplements; vs. Placebo or alpha-lactalbumin as active comparator	Circulating glycine concentrations: improved; Sleep-related outcomes (glycine trials): improved; Polysomnographic awakenings: improved
17 Gupta et al. 2025	systematic review	Undenatured type II collagen (UC-2); 40 mg daily; short- and mid-term (exact duration not reported); vs. no comparator; review of preclinical and clinical studies	overall quality of life (QoL): improved
20 Inacio et al. 2024	systematic review	Hydrolyzed collagen or collagen peptides; 50-500 μg/mL	fibroblast stimulation: improved (50-500 μg/mL); bioavailability at lower molecular weight: improved (<3 to 3000 KDa)

Further studies in this area: 25 32 36 41 43 46 52 55 57 59 62 64 65 68 71 72 73 76 80 82 83 85 87 91 94 95 96 98 100 103 105 106 108 109 110 112 116 118 123 124 129 130 131 133 134 135 138 139 140 142 144 146 147 150 152 155 165 166 168 169 170 171 173 179 181 183 187 191 193 194 195 197 203 206 209 211 213 216 218 224 231 232

4. How Is Collagen Dosed? Preparation, Dose and Duration in Studies

The studies predominantly used oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen) as a drink, powder or capsule, sometimes over several weeks to months. Non-denatured type II collagen was tested in capsule form, gelatin in individual studies on muscle soreness and recovery. Several studies examined combination preparations, for example with vitamin C, calcium and vitamin D, chicken essence or other active ingredients; the exact doses and intake durations are given in the study cards and tables.

Preparation or form	Dose	Duration	Study
collagen hydrolysate (CH)	10 g CH daily	6 months	31
Artneo complex containing undenatured chicken type II collagen, one capsule	one capsule once daily	180 days	32
Food supplement of collagen hydrolysate	1200 mg/day	6 months	33
Specific collagen peptides (SCP)	5 g daily	12 weeks	34
specific bioactive collagen peptides derived from type I collagen, mean molecular weight 3 kDa	5 g per day	12 weeks	35
Collagen peptide (CP)	10 g/day	12 weeks	36
CollaSel PRO® hydrolyzed collagen type I and III	10 g/day	8 weeks	37
Hydrolyzed type II collagen (HC-II) or chicken essence with added HC-II (EC-HC-II)	—	24 weeks	38
FlexC-II (type II collagen hydrolysate) or BEC-FlexC-II (with chicken essence)	—	24 weeks	39
Liquid formulation with 10 g collagen hydrolysate (CH-Alpha)	25 mL liquid containing 10 g collagen hydrolysate daily	24 weeks	40
Collagen hydrolysate CH-a (low Pro-Hyp/Hyp-Gly) or CH-b (high Pro-Hyp/Hyp-Gly)	10 g per day, twice daily	16 weeks	41
Liquid nutraceutical with hydrolyzed fish collagen and other active ingredients	—	90 days	42
Bioactive collagen peptides (Peptpure®)	2.5 g/day or 10 g/day	12 weeks	43
CollaSel Pro® hydrolyzed collagen peptide, without addons	10 g daily	8 weeks	44
specific bioactive collagen peptides (BCP)	2.5 g BCP daily orally	6 months	45

5. Is Collagen Safe? Side Effects in Studies

The studies predominantly report good tolerability of oral collagen peptides without serious adverse events 7 13 31 44 47 49 50 55 58; non-denatured type II collagen was also well tolerated 86. A systematic review names mild to moderate gastrointestinal complaints as the most common side effect of collagen preparations in osteoarthritis 30; another reports more frequent side effects from individual studies on osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis 24. Individual studies found no significant differences in adverse events compared with placebo 9 33. Details on the frequency and type of side effects are shown in the table.

Study	Reported side effects
3 Zahed et al. 2025	No major adverse events; CMI had higher revision surgery rates
7 Choi et al. 2019	No reported adverse events
9 Lin et al. 2023	No significant difference in adverse events (OR 1.66; 95% CI 0.99–2.78; p = 0.05)
13 Bassila et al. 2026	Generally well tolerated, low incidence of adverse events
17 Gupta et al. 2025	UC-2 is described as safe
20 Inacio et al. 2024	no toxicity reported
23 Al-Atif et al. 2022	no side effects of oral supplements reported
24 Jabbari et al. 2022	high adverse effects of collagen reported
29 Liu et al. 2018	No differences versus placebo except for diacerein
30 Van et al. 2012	mostly mild to moderate gastro-intestinal complaints
31 Benito-Ruiz et al. 2009	CH is stated to be safe
32 Alekseeva et al. 2024	good safety profile, no details reported

6. What Remains Open: Limits of the Evidence

Many studies were small and short; long-term data on benefits and safety are still pending.
For several preparations, information on manufacturer funding is missing, which makes it difficult to assess the results.
The positive findings on bone density come predominantly from postmenopausal women; transferability to men and younger healthy individuals is open.
Several studies involved combination preparations, so the contribution of collagen alone cannot be determined.
For non-denatured type II collagen and collagen in skin creams, no controlled studies are available in some areas.

7. Bottom Line: What Is Established About Collagen

Collagen is a structural protein and the most abundant protein in the human body by quantity. Human studies, predominantly with oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen), show improvements in joint pain and knee osteoarthritis, in skin elasticity and skin moisture, and in tendon cross-sectional area. Fat-free mass also increased more with strength training under collagen peptides than under placebo; muscle protein synthesis, however, did not increase more and remained behind whey protein. For bone density, hair and nails, the findings are mixed and rely on smaller, sometimes short studies, often in postmenopausal women.

Tolerability is described as good in most studies, without serious adverse events. Limitations are that many studies are small and short, several tested combination preparations, and information on manufacturer funding is often missing. The results apply in each case to the form and preparation studied — collagen peptides, gelatin and non-denatured type II collagen are different preparations and not interchangeable.

Frequently Asked Questions

How well has Collagen been studied in humans?

Does Collagen help with joints and joint pain? What the studies show

We evaluated 11 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 40 controlled studies and 23 further studies; the controlled studies include 3,432 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 1 3 6 9

Does Collagen help with skin and skin elasticity? What the studies show

We evaluated 8 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 32 controlled studies and 26 further studies; the controlled studies include 2,042 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 1 2 4 5

Does Collagen help with musculature? What the studies show

We evaluated 5 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 32 controlled studies and 9 further studies; the controlled studies include 1,343 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 1 8 11 12

Does Collagen help with bone density? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 12 controlled studies and 9 further studies; the controlled studies include 797 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 1 16 18 19

Does Collagen help with tendons and ligaments? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 9 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 291 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 8 12 15 22

Does Collagen help with hair and nails? What the studies show

We evaluated 3 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 125 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: moderate. Sources: 57 148 160 173

Which collagen forms were studied in human studies?

Most studies tested oral collagen peptides (hydrolyzed collagen) as a drink, powder or capsule. Non-denatured type II collagen was studied in capsule form, gelatin in individual studies on muscle soreness and recovery. Collagen-containing foods such as bone broth and collagen in skin creams were less often the subject of controlled studies.

What do the studies show about joints and joint pain?

In joint pain and knee osteoarthritis, several controlled studies and meta-analyses showed improvements in pain and function with oral collagen peptides 6 9 31 34 58. Non-denatured type II collagen also improved mobility in several controlled studies 53 73 86. Individual studies examined combination preparations whose findings cannot be attributed to collagen alone 42 54.

How does collagen affect skin and skin elasticity?

For skin and skin elasticity, several controlled studies and meta-analyses showed improvements in skin elasticity and skin moisture after oral collagen peptides 2 4 5 7 13 43 44. The findings are predominantly based on middle-aged women; several studies tested combination preparations, so the contribution of collagen alone remains open there.

Are there studies on muscles?

With strength training, fat-free mass increased more with collagen peptides than with placebo in several controlled studies 8 52 62 81 87 117; for muscle strength, the findings are mixed. The findings come predominantly from small, short studies in trained or older adults.

How safe is collagen?

Sources

1
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Ravindran R, Pizzol D, López-Gil JF, Rahmati M, Boyer L, Fond G et al. · 2026
2
Effects of Oral Collagen for Skin Anti-Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Pu SY, Huang YL, Pu CM, Kang YN, Hoang KD, Chen KH et al. · 2023
3
Collagen-Based Interventions for Meniscal Tears: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes, Safety, and MRI Findings
Zahed M, Elmesalmi M, El Menawy Z, Elnaggar N, Elkilany A, Elhanash S et al. · 2025
4
Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis
de Miranda RB, Weimer P, Rossi RC · 2021
5
Exploring the Impact of Hydrolyzed Collagen Oral Supplementation on Skin Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Dewi DAR, Arimuko A, Norawati L, Yenny SW, Setiasih NL, Perdiyana A et al. · 2023
6
Effect of collagen supplementation on knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Simental-Mendía M, Ortega-Mata D, Acosta-Olivo CA, Simental-Mendía LE, Peña-Martínez VM, Vilchez-Cavazos F · 2025
7
Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications
Choi FD, Sung CT, Juhasz ML, Mesinkovsk NA · 2019
8
Impact of Collagen Peptide Supplementation in Combination with Long-Term Physical Training on Strength, Musculotendinous Remodeling, Functional Recovery, and Body Composition in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Bischof K, Moitzi AM, Stafilidis S, König D · 2024
9
Analgesic efficacy of collagen peptide in knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Lin CR, Tsai SHL, Huang KY, Tsai PA, Chou H, Chang SH · 2023
10
Oral Collagen for the treatment of Dermal Atrophy: A systematic review of human trials
Howell-Morris R · 2020
11
The Effects of Collagen Peptides as a Dietary Supplement on Muscle Damage Recovery and Fatigue Responses: An Integrative Review
Inacio PAQ, Gomes YSM, de Aguiar AJN, Lopes-Martins PSL, Aimbire F, Leonardo PS et al. · 2024
12
Collagen Supplementation on Tendon-Related Structural and Performance Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Buchalski A, Jeanfavre M, Altorelli C, Leff G · 2026
13
Efficacy and safety of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin health outcomes: a systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials
Bassila C, Bassila JC, Slim M · 2026
14
Glycine Bioavailability and Sleep-Related Outcomes Following Oral Glycine and Collagen Supplementation-A Scoping Review
Fan Z, Nelson JM, Wallace TC · 2026
15
Clinical evidence for low-molecular-weight collagen peptides in tendon and ligament tears: a systematic review with narrative synthesis
Latini L, Porta F, Vitale N, Vreju FA, Filippucci E · 2026
16
The Role of Collagen Supplementation in Bone Metabolism and Structure: A Scoping Review
Kuhlman NM, Jagim AR, Blesso C, Jones MT, Chun O, Puglisi M et al. · 2026
17
Undenatured type II collagen for knee osteoarthritis
Gupta A, Maffulli N · 2025
18
The Effects of Type I Collagen Hydrolysate Supplementation on Bones, Muscles, and Joints: A Systematic Review
Brueckheimer PJ, Costa Silva T, Rodrigues L, Zague V, Isaia Filho C · 2025
19
Efficacy of collagen peptide supplementation on bone and muscle health: a meta-analysis
Sun C, Yang A, Teng F, Xia Y · 2025
20
Effects of Hydrolyzed Collagen as a Dietary Supplement on Fibroblast Activation: A Systematic Review
Inacio PAQ, Chaluppe FA, Aguiar GF, Coelho CF, Vieira RP · 2024
21
Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Marine Collagen: A Scientific Exploration for Delaying Aging
Rahman DA, Rehmani R, Pirvu DG, Huang M, Puri S, Arcos M · 2024
22
Effects of Collagen and Exercise on Tendon Properties and Pain: A Critically Appraised Topic
Boldt KS, Olson BL, Thiele RM · 2023
23
Collagen Supplements for Aging and Wrinkles: A Paradigm Shift in the Fields of Dermatology and Cosmetics
Al-Atif H · 2022
24
Is collagen supplementation friend or foe in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis? A comprehensive systematic review
Jabbari M, Barati M, Barati M, Khodaei M, Babashahi M, Kalhori A et al. · 2022
25
The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise: a systematic review
Khatri M, Naughton RJ, Clifford T, Harper LD, Corr L · 2021
26
Regulatory T Cells in Bioactive Peptides-Induced Oral Tolerance; a Two-Edged Sword Related to the Risk of Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review
Barati M, Jabbari M, Nickho H, Esparvarinha M, Javadi Mamaghani A, Majdi H et al. · 2021
27
Collagen supplementation for skin health: A mechanistic systematic review
Barati M, Barati M, Jabbari M, Navekar R, Farahmand F, Zeinalian R et al. · 2020
28
Effect of collagen supplementation on osteoarthritis symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials
García-Coronado JM, Martínez-Olvera L, Elizondo-Omaña RE, Acosta-Olivo CA, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Simental-Mendía LE et al. · 2019
29
Dietary supplements for treating osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu X, Machado GC, Eyles JP, Ravi V, Hunter DJ · 2018
30
Symptomatic and chondroprotective treatment with collagen derivatives in osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Van Vijven JP, Luijsterburg PA, Verhagen AP, van Osch GJ, Kloppenburg M, Bierma-Zeinstra SM · 2012
31
A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of a food ingredient, collagen hydrolysate, for improving joint comfort
Benito-Ruiz P, Camacho-Zambrano MM, Carrillo-Arcentales JN, Mestanza-Peralta MA, Vallejo-Flores CA, Vargas-López SV et al. · 2009
32
[Efficacy and safety of undenatured type II collagen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial]
Alekseeva LI, Kashevarova NG, Taskina EA, Strebkova EA, Korotkova TA, Sharapova EP et al. · 2024
33
Effect of collagen hydrolysate in articular pain: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study
Bruyère O, Zegels B, Leonori L, Rabenda V, Janssen A, Bourges C et al. · 2012
34
Impact of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Joint Discomforts in the Lower Extremity during Daily Activities: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Schulze C, Schunck M, Zdzieblik D, Oesser S · 2024
35
The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Knee Joint Discomfort in Young Physically Active Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zdzieblik D, Brame J, Oesser S, Gollhofer A, König D, König D · 2021
36
Effectiveness of collagen supplementation on pain scores in healthy individuals with self-reported knee pain: a randomized controlled trial
Bongers CCWG, Ten Haaf DSM, Catoire M, Kersten B, Wouters JA, Eijsvogels TMH et al. · 2020
37
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of CollaSel PRO<sup>®</sup> Type I and Type III Hydrolyzed Collagen Peptides in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial
Demir-Dora D, Tuna S, Kurtoglu ED, Gursoy S, Balci N, Tezman S et al. · 2025
38
Randomized, double-blind, four-arm pilot study on the effects of chicken essence and type II collagen hydrolysate on joint, bone, and muscle functions
Chen CC, Chang SS, Chang CH, Hu CC, Nakao Y, Yong SM et al. · 2023
39
Randomized, Double-Blind, Four-Arm Pilot Study on the Effects of BRAND'S Chicken Essence and FlexC-II® on Joint, Bone, and Muscle Functions
Chen C, Chang S, Chang C, Hu C, Nakao Y, Yong SM et al. · 2020
40
24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary supplement in athletes with activity-related joint pain
Clark KL, Sebastianelli W, Flechsenhar KR, Aukermann DF, Meza F, Millard RL et al. · 2008
41
Ingestion of bioactive collagen hydrolysates enhanced pressure ulcer healing in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study
Sugihara F, Inoue N, Venkateswarathirukumara S · 2018
42
Daily oral supplementation with collagen peptides combined with vitamins and other bioactive compounds improves skin elasticity and has a beneficial effect on joint and general wellbeing
Czajka A, Kania EM, Genovese L, Corbo A, Merone G, Luci C et al. · 2018
43
Immune-Modulatory Effects of Bioactive Collagen Peptides Improve Skin Health in Middle-Aged Women
Paula-Vieira RHR, Dias SR, Silva-Reis A, Moura-Maia MS, Ramos-Gomes NV, Jesus-Silva K et al. · 2026
44
The Efficacy and Safety of CollaSel Pro® Hydrolyzed Collagen Peptide Supplementation without Addons in Improving Skin Health in Adult Females: A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study Using Biophysical and Skin Imaging Techniques
Demir-Dora D, Ozsoy U, Yildirim Y, Yilmaz O, Aytac P, Yilmaz B et al. · 2024
45
Dietary Supplementation with Specific Collagen Peptides Has a Body Mass Index-Dependent Beneficial Effect on Cellulite Morphology
Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S, Proksch E · 2015
46
Efficacy and tolerability of Native CT-II® on modulating knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Luo C, Srivast S · 2021
47
Low-molecular-weight collagen peptides supplement promotes a healthy skin: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Seong SH, Lee YI, Lee J, Choi S, Kim IA, Suk J et al. · 2024
48
Management and Amelioration of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis in Adults Using a Novel High-Functional Bovine Collagen Peptide as a Nutritional Therapy: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Multicentric, Randomized, Active and Placebo Controlled, Five-Arm, Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability
Devasia S, Joseph JT, P S S, Koizumi S, Clarke L, V T S et al. · 2024
49
Oral intake of collagen peptide NS improves hydration, elasticity, desquamation, and wrinkling in human skin: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Lee M, Kim E, Ahn H, Son S, Lee H · 2023
50
Oral Supplementation of Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptides Reduces Skin Wrinkles and Improves Biophysical Properties of Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study
Kim J, Lee SG, Lee J, Choi S, Suk J, Lee JH et al. · 2022
51
Oral Supplementation of Collagen Peptides Improves Skin Hydration by Increasing the Natural Moisturizing Factor Content in the Stratum Corneum: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Miyanaga M, Uchiyama T, Motoyama A, Ochiai N, Ueda O, Ogo M · 2021
52
The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged, Untrained Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zdzieblik D, Jendricke P, Oesser S, Gollhofer A, König D · 2021
53
UC-II Undenatured Type II Collagen for Knee Joint Flexibility: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study
Schön C, Knaub K, Alt W, Durkee S, Saiyed Z, Juturu V · 2022
54
Effects of 24 weeks of collagen supplementation in active adults: Impact on body composition, neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory fitness
Aranda CE, Sansó RC, Rico LL, Llorca CS, Turpin JAP · 2025
55
Effect of Oral Ingestion of Low-Molecular Collagen Peptides Derived from Skate (Raja Kenojei) Skin on Body Fat in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Tak YJ, Kim YJ, Lee JG, Yi YH, Cho YH, Kang GH et al. · 2019
56
The Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Collagen and Vitamin C and Their Combination with Hyaluronic Acid on Skin Density, Texture and Other Parameters: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Žmitek K, Žmitek J, Hristov H, Rogl Butina M, Keršmanc P, Pogačnik T · 2024
57
Influence of collagen peptide supplementation on visible signs of skin and nail health and -aging in an East Asian population: A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Vleminckx S, Virgilio N, Asserin J, Prawitt J, Silva CIF · 2024
58
Efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Park SY, Lee SH, Kim HT, Park HJ, Kim DU, Kim SU et al. · 2025
59
Effects of a Food Supplement Containing Hydrolyzed Collagen on Pain Perception, Joint Range, and Quality of Life in People with Chronic Knee Pain
Salinas-Camargo JC, Marín-Pagán C, Álvarez-Gil RV, Martínez-Noguera FJ, Cabrera-Cabrera M, Llabrés-Laguarda JM et al. · 2025
60
Anti-aging Effects of Low Molecular Weight Collagen Peptides Supplementation on Facial Wrinkles and Skin Hydration: Outcomes from a Six-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Carrillo-Norte JA, García-Mir B, Quintana L, Buracchio B, Guerrero-Bonmatty R · 2024
61
The Sustained Effects of Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Skin Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study
Wang Y, Zhu W, Luo W, Ma Y, Zhou Y · 2025
62
Specific Collagen Peptides in Combination with Resistance Training Improve Body Composition and Regional Muscle Strength in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jendricke P, Centner C, Zdzieblik D, Gollhofer A, König D, König D · 2019
63
Efficacy and tolerability of native (undenatured) type II collagen supplementation for joint health in healthy volunteers: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study
Möller I, Martínez K, Terradillos-Guillén A, Costa-Larrión E, Martínez-Puig D, Velasco-Álvarez J · 2026
64
Low-Molecular Collagen Peptide Supplementation and Body Fat Mass in Adults Aged ≥ 50 Years: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Park J, Kim M, Shin H, Ahn H, Park YK · 2023
65
Efficacy and Tolerability of Progen, a Nutritional Supplement Based on Innovative Plasma Proteins, in ACL Reconstruction: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
López-Vidriero E, Olivé-Vilas R, López-Capapé D, Varela-Sende L, López-Vidriero R, Til-Pérez L · 2019
66
A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study
Bolke L, Schlippe G, Gerß J, Voss W · 2019
67
Skin Anti-Aging and Moisturizing Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptide Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Lee E, Ahn DK, Kim JH, Lee S, Kim HJ, Lee HK et al. · 2025
68
[Comparative efficacy of a combination of undenatured type II collagen, Boswellic acids, methylsulfonylmethane, vitamins C and D3 and a combination of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride in the treatment of primary osteoarthritis of the knee joint]
Mazurov VI, Belyaeva IB, Trofimov EA, Itskovich IE, Burulev AL · 2023
69
Oral supplementation of specific collagen peptides has beneficial effects on human skin physiology: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Proksch E, Segger D, Degwert J, Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S · 2014
70
Efficacy of combined undenatured type II collagen and hydrolysed collagen supplementation in knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial
Yuenyongviwat V, Anusitviwat C, Tuntarattanapong P, Hongnaparak T, Iamthanaporn K · 2025
71
Effect of a collagen-enriched beverage with or without omega-3 fatty acids on wound healing, metabolic biomarkers, and adipokines in patients with major burns
Alipoor E, Jazayeri S, Dahmardehei M, Salehi S, Yaseri M, Emami MR et al. · 2023
72
Anti-Obesity Effects of a Collagen with Low Digestibility and High Swelling Capacity: A Human Randomized Control Trial
López-Yoldi M, Riezu-Boj JI, Abete I, Ibero-Baraibar I, Aranaz P, González-Salazar I et al. · 2024
73
Efficacy and Safety of Dietary Undenatured Type II Collagen on Joint and Motor Function in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study
Shiojima Y, Takahashi M, Takahashi R, Maruyama K, Moriyama H, Bagchi D et al. · 2023
74
Oral Intake of Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptide Improves Hydration, Elasticity, and Wrinkling in Human Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Kim DU, Chung HC, Choi J, Sakai Y, Lee BY · 2018
75
[Combination therapy for exacerbations of pain in osteoarthritis with non-fixed combinations]
Naumov AV, Unkovskiy AV, Khovasova NO, Fokeev DK, Kolesnikova AV · 2025
76
Collagen Peptides, in Association with Vitamin C, Sodium Hyaluronate, Manganese and Copper, as Part of the Rehabilitation Project in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain
Farì G, Santagati D, Pignatelli G, Scacco V, Renna D, Cascarano G et al. · 2022
77
Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Attributes in Healthy Adults
· 2021
78
A Dermonutrient Containing Special Collagen Peptides Improves Skin Structure and Function: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Triple-Blind Trial Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy on the Cosmetic Effects and Tolerance of a Drinkable Collagen Supplement
Laing S, Bielfeldt S, Ehrenberg C, Wilhelm KP · 2020
79
A nutritional intervention study with hydrolyzed collagen in pre-pubertal spanish children: influence on bone modeling biomarkers
Martin-Bautista E, Martin-Matillas M, Martin-Lagos JA, Miranda-Leon MT, Muñoz-Torres M, Ruiz-Requena E et al. · 2011
80
Influence of Specific Collagen Peptides and Concurrent Training on Cardiometabolic Parameters and Performance Indices in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jendricke P, Kohl J, Centner C, Gollhofer A, König D · 2020
81
Prolonged Collagen Peptide Supplementation and Resistance Exercise Training Affects Body Composition in Recreationally Active Men
Kirmse M, Oertzen-Hagemann V, de Marées M, Bloch W, Platen P · 2019
82
Effects of four-weeks porcine-collagen hydrolysate consumption on glucose concentrations, glycemic variability, and fasting/postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers in men and women with overweight or obesity: A randomized, controlled trial
Chavez-Alfaro MA, Mensink RP, Plat J · 2025
83
Effects of porcine-derived collagen hydrolysates on 24 h blood pressure profiles, markers for endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation and the retinal vasculature in adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized, controlled trial
Chavez-Alfaro MA, Mensink RP, Joris PJ, Plat J · 2025
84
Efficacy and Safety of Topical or Oral Hydrolyzed Collagen in Women with Dermatoporosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Factorial Design Study
Guadanhim LRS, Miot HA, Soares JLM, Silva SAM, Leonardi GR, Lopes RD et al. · 2023
85
Influence of specific collagen peptides and 12-week concurrent training on recovery-related biomechanical characteristics following exercise-induced muscle damage-A randomized controlled trial
Bischof K, Stafilidis S, Bundschuh L, Oesser S, Baca A, König D · 2023
86
Undenatured type II collagen (UC-II®) for joint support: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers
Lugo JP, Saiyed ZM, Lau FC, Molina JP, Pakdaman MN, Shamie AN et al. · 2013
87
Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial
Zdzieblik D, Oesser S, Baumstark MW, Gollhofer A, König D · 2015
88
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Hydrolyzed Collagen Supplement for Improving Skin Moisturization, Smoothness, and Wrinkles
Bianchi FM, Angelinetta C, Rizzi G, Praticò A, Villa R · 2022
89
Effect of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation With and Without Collagen Peptides on Volumetric and Areal Bone Mineral Density, Bone Geometry and Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Women With Osteopenia
Lampropoulou-Adamidou K, Karlafti E, Argyrou C, Makris K, Trovas G, Dontas IA et al. · 2022
90
Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with and without collagen peptides on bone turnover in postmenopausal women with osteopenia
Argyrou C, Karlafti E, Lampropoulou-Adamidou K, Tournis S, Makris K, Trovas G et al. · 2020
91
[Experience with the use of undenatured type II collagen in patients with stage III knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial]
Alekseeva LI, Kashevarova NG, Taskina EA, Strebkova EA, Korotkova TA, Sharapova EP et al. · 2025
92
Specific collagen peptides increase adaptions of patellar tendon morphology following 14-weeks of high-load resistance training: A randomized-controlled trial
Jerger S, Centner C, Lauber B, Seynnes O, Friedrich T, Lolli D et al. · 2023
93
Post-operative injection of hydrolyzed collagen peptides shows anti-inflammatory effect in patients with femoroacetabular impingement improving the early recovery
Tassinari E, Minerba A, Basile T, Bucciarelli A, Traina F, Grigolo B et al. · 2025
94
The Effects of Ingesting a Single Bolus of Hydrolyzed Collagen versus Free Amino Acids on Muscle Connective Protein Synthesis Rates
Aussieker T, Kaiser J, Hendriks FK, Janssen TAH, Senden JM, VAN Kranenburg JMX et al. · 2025
95
The combined effects of whey protein and collagen supplementation on bone mineral density and muscle mass in resistance-trained men: a randomized controlled trial
Seyhan S, Jourkesh M, Salatin A, Acar G, Bilici MF, Girginer FG et al. · 2026
96
Risk of bleeding in anticoagulated patients undergoing dental extraction treated with topical tranexamic acid compared to collagen-gelatin sponge: Randomized clinical trial
de Abreu de Vasconcellos SJ, Souza Dos Santos Marques R, Gomes Magalhães de Melo E, Silva de Almeida C, de Almeida Góes Silva JV, de Almeida Souza LM et al. · 2023
97
Effects of specific collagen peptide supplementation combined with resistance training on Achilles tendon properties
Jerger S, Centner C, Lauber B, Seynnes O, Sohnius T, Jendricke P et al. · 2022
98
Collagen protein supplementation does not modulate biomarkers of bone metabolism following total hip arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Monsegue AP, Thudium CS, Wilms EJC, Mohren RJC, Boonen B, Geurts JAP et al. · 2026
99
The Effect of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Tendon Remodeling during 15 wk of Lower Body Resistance Training
Balshaw TG, Funnell MP, McDermott EJ, Maden-Wilkinson TM, Massey GJ, Abela S et al. · 2023
100
Impact of a Specific Collagen Peptide Food Supplement on Periodontal Inflammation in Aftercare Patients-A Randomised Controlled Trial
Jockel-Schneider Y, Stoelzel P, Hess J, Haubitz I, Fickl S, Schlagenhauf U · 2022
101
Effect of an Oral Nutrition Supplement Containing Collagen Peptides on Stratum Corneum Hydration and Skin Elasticity in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Multicenter Open-label Randomized Controlled Study
Nomoto T, Iizaka S · 2020
102
A calcium-collagen chelate dietary supplement attenuates bone loss in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: a randomized controlled trial
Elam ML, Johnson SA, Hooshmand S, Feresin RG, Payton ME, Gu J et al. · 2015
103
Whey Protein Supplementation Compared to Collagen Increases Blood Nesfatin Concentrations and Decreases Android Fat in Overweight Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Study
Giglio BM, Schincaglia RM, da Silva AS, Fazani ICS, Monteiro PA, Mota JF et al. · 2019
104
Four-weeks daily intake of oral collagen hydrolysate results in improved skin elasticity, especially in sun-exposed areas: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Sangsuwan W, Asawanonda P · 2021
105
The effect of supplementation with type I and type III collagen peptide and type II hydrolyzed collagen on pain, quality of life and physical function in patients with meniscopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Genç AS, Yılmaz AK, Anıl B, Korkmaz Salkılıç E, Akdemir E, Güzel B et al. · 2025
106
Effects of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides in Combination with Concurrent Training on Running Performance and Indicators of Endurance Capacity in Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jerger S, Jendricke P, Centner C, Bischof K, Kohl J, Keller S et al. · 2023
107
Effect of supplementation with type 1 and type 3 collagen peptide and type 2 hydrolyzed collagen on osteoarthritis-related pain, quality of life, and physical function: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Genç AS, Yılmaz AK, Anıl B, Korkmaz Salkılıç E, Akdemir E, Sancaklı A et al. · 2025
108
The effect of a hydrolyzed collagen-based supplement on wound healing in patients with burn: A randomized double-blind pilot clinical trial
Bagheri Miyab K, Alipoor E, Vaghardoost R, Saberi Isfeedvajani M, Yaseri M, Djafarian K et al. · 2020
109
Specific Collagen Peptides Support Postprandial Metabolic Health by Modulating Incretin Hormones, Gastric Transit, and Glycemic Control in Participants with Normoglycemia and Prediabetes
Virgilio N, Schön C, Steiner N, Schlageter V, Wilhelm M, Silva CI et al. · 2026
110
The effect of oral supplements containing collagen peptides rich in X-Hyp or X-Hyp-Gly compared with normal collagen hydrolysates on skin elasticity and collagen holes: a randomised double-blind clinical study
Chen L, Lv Y, Xu F, Zhong F · 2023
111
Effect of an oral preparation containing hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, hydrolyzed collagen type II and hydrolyzed keratin on synovial fluid features and clinical indices in knee osteoarthritis. A pilot study
Oliviero F, Ramonda R, Hoxha A, Scanu A, Galozzi P, Favero M et al. · 2020
112
Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training with Protein Supplementation on Muscle Mass And Strength in Older Men
Centner C, Zdzieblik D, Roberts L, Gollhofer A, König D · 2019
113
Change in knee osteoarthritis cartilage detected by delayed gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging following treatment with collagen hydrolysate: a pilot randomized controlled trial
McAlindon TE, Nuite M, Krishnan N, Ruthazer R, Price LL, Burstein D et al. · 2011
114
Specific collagen peptides supplementation increases collagen type I content in skeletal muscle after 12 weeks of high-load resistance training: a randomized controlled trial
Jerger S, Nielsen JL, Centner C, Mathiesen J, Suetta C, Oesser S et al. · 2026
115
The Effect of a Multi-ingredient Supplement on Resistance Training-induced Adaptations
Wageh M, Fortino SA, McGlory C, Kumbhare D, Phillips SM, Parise G · 2021
116
Collagen Peptide Supplementation during Training Does Not Further Increase Connective Tissue Protein Synthesis Rates
Kirmse M, Lottmann TM, Volk NR, DE Marées M, Holwerda AM, VAN Loon LJC et al. · 2024
117
Effects of 12 Weeks of Hypertrophy Resistance Exercise Training Combined with Collagen Peptide Supplementation on the Skeletal Muscle Proteome in Recreationally Active Men
Oertzen-Hagemann V, Kirmse M, Eggers B, Pfeiffer K, Marcus K, de Marées M et al. · 2019
118
Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on bone turnover, cytokine, and inflammatory markers in female distance runners: a randomized pilot study
Kuhlman NM, Jagim AR, Blesso CN, Puglisi MJ, Chun OK, Jones MT et al. · 2026
119
Collagen Supplementation Augments Strength Training-Induced Gains in Tendon Size and Rate of Force Development in Elite Female Master Field Hockey Athletes
Nulty CD, Erskine RM · 2025
120
Whey Protein Supplementation Is Superior to Leucine-Matched Collagen Peptides to Increase Muscle Thickness During a 10-Week Resistance Training Program in Untrained Young Adults
Jacinto JL, Nunes JP, Gorissen SHM, Capel DMG, Bernardes AG, Ribeiro AS et al. · 2022
121
Evaluation of cutaneous rejuvenation associated with the use of ortho-silicic acid stabilized by hydrolyzed marine collagen
Petersen Vitello Kalil CL, Campos V, Cignachi S, Favaro Izidoro J, Prieto Herman Reinehr C, Chaves C · 2018
122
Hydrolysed Collagen Supplementation Enhances Patellar Tendon Adaptations to 12 Weeks' Resistance Training in Middle-Aged Men
Nulty CD, Phelan K, Erskine RM · 2025
123
Oral Collagen Peptides and Vulvovaginal Radiofrequency Therapy for Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Pilot Randomized Study
Tafuri A, Panunzio A, Tricarico M, Tricarico EM, Mazzarella CR · 2025
124
The effects of collagen peptides on exercise-induced gastrointestinal stress: a randomized, controlled trial
Taylor G, Leonard A, Tang JCY, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Virgilio N et al. · 2023
125
Dietary collagen peptides alleviate exercise-induced muscle soreness in healthy middle-aged males: a randomized double-blinded crossover clinical trial
Kuwaba K, Kusubata M, Taga Y, Igarashi H, Nakazato K, Mizuno K · 2023
126
Collagen supplementation augments changes in patellar tendon properties in female soccer players
Lee J, Bridge JE, Clark DR, Stewart CE, Erskine RM · 2023
127
Efficacy of UC-II® Undenatured Type II Collagen on Knee Joint Function in Healthy Subjects: an Exploratory Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Saiyed Z, Durkee S, Bowman J, Juturu V · 2021
128
Feasibility challenges in protein supplementation research: Insights from the convalescence of functional outcomes after intensive care unit stay in a Randomised Controlled Trial
Paulus MC, Kouw IWK, Boelens YFN, Hermans AJH, Strookappe B, van Zanten ARH · 2025
129
The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on appetite and post-exercise energy intake in females: a randomised controlled trial
Reynolds KM, Hansell EJ, Thorley J, Funnell MP, Thackray AE, Stensel DJ et al. · 2025
130
Two-Stage Supramolecular Self-Assembly-Directed Collagen-Peptide-Decorated Liposomal Complexes of Curcumin Microspheres with Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability
Louis MJ, Balakrishnan A, Joseph A, Shanmughan P, Maliakel B, Illathu Madhavamenon K · 2023
131
Consumption of a functional fermented milk containing collagen hydrolysate improves the concentration of collagen-specific amino acids in plasma
Walrand S, Chiotelli E, Noirt F, Mwewa S, Lassel T · 2008
132
Bone turnover following high-impact exercise is not modulated by collagen supplementation in young men: A randomized cross-over trial
Hilkens L, Boerboom M, van Schijndel N, Bons J, van Loon LJC, van Dijk JW · 2023
133
Microbial-based yeast protein is similar to whey protein and greater than collagen hydrolysate in supporting whole-body protein synthesis as determined by the indicatory amino acid oxidation method: a randomized controlled trial
Barsky ST, Fung HJW, Bosco N, Moore DR · 2026
134
Collagen peptide supplementation before bedtime reduces sleep fragmentation and improves cognitive function in physically active males with sleep complaints
Thomas C, Kingshott RN, Allott KM, Tang JCY, Dunn R, Fraser WD et al. · 2024
135
Maxillary Sinus Augmentation with Xenogenic Collagen-Retained Heterologous Cortico-Cancellous Bone: A 3-Year Follow-Up Randomized Controlled Trial
Correia F, Gouveia S, Felino AC, Faria-Almeida R, Pozza DH · 2024
136
High-intensity resistance training and collagen supplementation improve patellar tendon adaptations in professional female soccer athletes
Lee J, Robshaw DC, Erskine RM · 2025
137
Lactalbumin, Not Collagen, Augments Muscle Protein Synthesis with Aerobic Exercise
Oikawa SY, Macinnis MJ, Tripp TR, McGlory C, Baker SK, Phillips SM · 2020
138
The Collagen Synthesis Response to an Acute Bout of Resistance Exercise Is Greater when Ingesting 30 g Hydrolyzed Collagen Compared with 15 g and 0 g in Resistance-Trained Young Men
Lee J, Tang JCY, Dutton J, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Enright K et al. · 2024
139
Acute supplementation with whey protein or collagen does not alter appetite in healthy women: a randomised double-blind and crossover pilot study
Duarte GMF, de Freitas KV, Marini ACB, Giglio BM, Fernandes RC, Lobo PCB et al. · 2022
140
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of a Collagen Hydrolysate Enhances Postprandial Absorption Rate-A Randomized Controlled Trial
Skov K, Oxfeldt M, Thøgersen R, Hansen M, Bertram HC · 2019
141
A collagen hydrolysate/milk protein-blend stimulates muscle anabolism equivalently to an isoenergetic milk protein-blend containing a greater quantity of essential amino acids in older men
Brook MS, Scaife P, Bass JJ, Cegielski J, Watanabe S, Wilkinson DJ et al. · 2021
142
Oral Administration of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides in the Treatment of Moderate Forms of Atopic Dermatitis: A New Approach
Proksch E, Schunck M, Zdzieblik D, Oesser S · 2026
143
Impact of gelatin supplementation on indices of skeletal muscle recovery: a pilot study
Graham RR, Salgado BE, Guerrero E, Carrasco AP, D'Lugos AC · 2026
144
Oral administration of hydrolyzed collagen alleviates pain and enhances functionality in knee osteoarthritis: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Carrillo-Norte JA, Gervasini-Rodríguez G, Santiago-Triviño MÁ, García-López V, Guerrero-Bonmatty R · 2025
145
Comparative effects of MKARE® eggshell membrane and hydrolyzed collagen as nutricosmetics on skin biophysical properties: a randomized clinical trial
González-Rodríguez Y, La Nuez-García MA, Jiménez M, Villar-Suárez V, Casado-Santos A · 2025
146
Unravelling the bioavailability of amino acids and bioactive peptides from collagen hydrolysate in coffee in healthy volunteers
Virgilio N, Schoen C, van der Steen B, Kleinnijenhuis AJ, van Holthoon FL, Vleminckx S et al. · 2025
147
Dietary Collagen Peptides Ameliorate the Mood Status of Fatigue and Vigor: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparative Trial
Kuwaba K, Kusubata M, Saito M, Mizuno K · 2024
148
A Clinical Trial Shows Improvement in Skin Collagen, Hydration, Elasticity, Wrinkles, Scalp, and Hair Condition following 12-Week Oral Intake of a Supplement Containing Hydrolysed Collagen
Reilly DM, Kynaston L, Naseem S, Proudman E, Laceby D · 2024
149
Comparison between exercise therapy and non-hydrolyzed collagen (UC-II) in functionality and quality of life in women with knee osteoarthritis : A randomized controlled clinical trial
Santana ÉTN, da Cunha Machado S, Brandão Lima VN, DeSantana Filho VJ, Dos Santos Maciel LY, de Farias Neto JP et al. · 2023
150
Collagen peptides supplementation improves function, pain, and physical and mental outcomes in active adults
Kviatkovsky SA, Hickner RC, Cabre HE, Small SD, Ormsbee MJ · 2023
151
Supplementation of Specific Collagen Peptides Following High-Load Resistance Exercise Upregulates Gene Expression in Pathways Involved in Skeletal Muscle Signal Transduction
Centner C, Jerger S, Mallard A, Herrmann A, Varfolomeeva E, Gollhofer S et al. · 2022
152
Efficacy and tolerance of enzymatic hydrolysed collagen (EHC) vs. glucosamine sulphate (GS) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA)
Trč T, Bohmová J · 2011
153
Improvement of activity-related knee joint discomfort following supplementation of specific collagen peptides
Zdzieblik D, Oesser S, Gollhofer A, König D · 2017
154
[Postmenopausal osteoporosis. Treatment with calcitonin and a diet rich in collagen proteins]
Adam M, Spacek P, Hulejová H, Galiánová A, Blahos J · 1996
155
Protein Supplement Tolerability and Patient Satisfaction after Bariatric Surgery
Luijpers CLH, Nuijten MAH, Groenhuijzen EJ, van Hogezand LL, Monpellier VM, Eijsvogels TMH et al. · 2024
156
Topical application and oral supplementation of peptides in the improvement of skin viscoelasticity and density
Maia Campos PMBG, Melo MO, Siqueira César FC · 2019
157
Oral Intake of Enzymatically Decomposed AP Collagen Peptides Improves Skin Moisture and Ceramide and Natural Moisturizing Factor Contents in the Stratum Corneum
Jung K, Kim SH, Joo KM, Lim SH, Shin JH, Roh J et al. · 2021
158
Comparison of Single and Combined Treatment with Exercise Therapy and Collagen Supplementation on Early Knee Arthritis among Athletes-A Quasi-Randomized Trial
Thomas DT, Prabhakar AJ, Eapen C, Patel VD, Palaniswamy V, Dsouza MC et al. · 2023
159
Supplementating with dietary astaxanthin combined with collagen hydrolysate improves facial elasticity and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -12 expression: a comparative study with placebo
Yoon HS, Cho HH, Cho S, Lee SR, Shin MH, Chung JH · 2014
160
Efficacy and Safety of Skin Radiance Collagen on Skin and Hair Matrix: A Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial in Healthy Human Subjects
Trehan A, Anand R, Chaudhary G, Garg H, Verma MK · 2024
161
Efficacy of a collagen hydrolysate and antioxidants-containing nutraceutical on metrics of skin health in Indian women
Motwani MS, Khan K, Pai A, Joshi R · 2020
162
The Effect of Multi-Ingredient Protein versus Collagen Supplementation on Satellite Cell Properties in Males and Females
Wageh M, Fortino SA, Pontello R, Maklad A, McGlory C, Kumbhare D et al. · 2024
163
Oral Supplementation of Specific Collagen Peptides Combined with Calf-Strengthening Exercises Enhances Function and Reduces Pain in Achilles Tendinopathy Patients
Praet SFE, Purdam CR, Welvaert M, Vlahovich N, Lovell G, Burke LM et al. · 2019
164
[Effect of collagen peptides on skeletal muscle mass in the elderly: An interventional study examining oral nutrition support for patients in a recovery-phase rehabilitation ward]
Baba M, Suzaki E, Taira K, Ito Y, Kachi H, Okada A · 2020
165
Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women
Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, Kajkenova O, Evans WJ · 2009
166
UNDENATURED COLLAGEN TYPE II FOR THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE
Sadigursky D, Magnavita VFS, Sá CKC, Monteiro HS, Braghiroli OFM, Matos MAA · 2022
167
Safety and efficacy of undenatured type II collagen in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a clinical trial
Crowley DC, Lau FC, Sharma P, Evans M, Guthrie N, Bagchi M et al. · 2009
168
Habitual Dietary Collagen Intake Is Lower in Females and Older Irish Adults Compared with Younger Males
Nulty CD, Walton J, Erskine RM · 2025
169
Urinary Collagen Peptides Predict Mortality
Frantzi M, Keller F, Latosinska A, Beige J, Mebazaa A, Caillard A et al. · 2026
170
Knowledge, perception, and attitude toward using collagen among people in the western region of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Ashour AM, Wali SM, Alorfi NM, Alshehri FS, Alhazmi BA, Aldurdunji MM et al. · 2026
171
Early Protein Supplementation Enhances Wound Healing and Reduces Complications Following Abdominoplasty: A Controlled Study in Non-bariatric Patients
Bruno A, D'Antimi A · 2026
172
Open, Observational, Single-Arm, Multicenter Study Assessing the Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement Containing Hydrolyzed Collagen, Chondroitin Sulfate, and Glucosamine for Osteoarthritis Pain Reduction
Puigdellívol Grifell J, Comellas Berenguer C, Steinbacher G, Kranjcec T, Álvarez Díaz P, López Pujol A et al. · 2024
173
Assessing the Significance and Awareness of Oral Collagen in Enhancing Health and Beauty Among Consumers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Goresh HK, Almarwani SH, Alhomidani F, Alharbi FA, Alharbi JS, Alkatheri N et al. · 2025
174
Beneficial Effects of Multi-Micronutrient Supplementation with Collagen Peptides on Global Wrinkles, Skin Elasticity and Appearance in Healthy Female Subjects
Gibson R, Krug L, Ramsey DL, Safaei A, Aspley S · 2024
175
Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement Containing Hydrolyzed Collagen, Chondroitin Sulfate, and Glucosamine in Pain Reduction and Functional Capacity in Osteoarthritis Patients
Puigdellivol J, Comellas Berenger C, Pérez Fernández MÁ, Cowalinsky Millán JM, Carreras Vidal C, Gil Gil I et al. · 2019
176
[Comparative evaluation of oral chondroprotectors effectiveness in patients with low back pain]
Shavlovskaya OA, Romanov ID, Bokova IA · 2025
177
Pain Reduction and Tolerance of Type II Undenatured Collagen (UC-II) Collagen in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Fernández-Jaén TF, García de Vega C, Sáiz P, Björk P, Rodríguez-Iñigo E, López-Alcorocho JM et al. · 2023
178
Efficacy of hydrolyzed collagen injections compared to platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid in the treatment of patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a retrospective clinical study
Heredia Sulbaran AA, Gomez PA · 2025
179
Effect of a Daily Collagen Peptide Supplement on Digestive Symptoms in Healthy Women: 2-Phase Mixed Methods Study
Abrahams M, O'Grady R, Prawitt J · 2022
180
Artificial Intelligence-Based Personalization of Treatment Regimen for Hair Loss: A 6-Month Clinical Trial
Bhardwaj V, Rodgers N, Harth O, Harth Y · 2025
181
Obesity and Metabolic Disease Impair the Anabolic Response to Protein Supplementation and Resistance Exercise: A Retrospective Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial with Implications for Aging, Sarcopenic Obesity, and Weight Management
Nilsson MI, Xhuti D, de Maat NM, Hettinga BP, Tarnopolsky MA · 2024
182
Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides in Osteopenia and Osteoporosis: Long-Term Observation in Postmenopausal Women
Zdzieblik D, Oesser S, König D · 2021
183
Effects of Collagen Hydrolysates on Human Brain Structure and Cognitive Function: A Pilot Clinical Study
Koizumi S, Inoue N, Sugihara F, Igase M · 2019
184
Proteoglycan Combined with Hyaluronic Acid and Hydrolyzed Collagen Restores the Skin Barrier in Mild Atopic Dermatitis and Dry, Eczema-Prone Skin: A Pilot Study
Lee YI, Lee SG, Kim J, Choi S, Jung I, Lee JH · 2021
185
Oral supplementation with specific bioactive collagen peptides improves nail growth and reduces symptoms of brittle nails
Hexsel D, Zague V, Schunck M, Siega C, Camozzato FO, Oesser S · 2017
186
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Injection with Low-Molecular-Weight Peptides from Hydrolyzed Collagen in Patients with Partial Supraspinatus Tendon Tears: A Pilot Study
Latini L, Porta F, Maccarrone V, Zompa D, Cipolletta E, Mirza RM et al. · 2024
187
Impact of Vaginal Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy Alone Versus Its Combination With Oral Bioactive Collagen Peptides, Ultra-Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid, and Other Functional Components on the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Cohort Pilot Study in Italy
Tafuri A, Panunzio A, Mazzarella CR, Tricarico M, Tricarico EM · 2025
188
Tolerability and efficacy assessment of an oral collagen supplement for the improvement of biophysical and ultrasonographic parameters of skin in middle eastern consumers
Samadi A, Movaffaghi M, Kazemi F, Yazdanparast T, Ahmad Nasrollahi S, Firooz A · 2023
189
Ultrasound Guided Injection of Collagen for Elbow Lateral Epicondylitis - A Pilot Study
Porta F, Filippucci E, Barni X, Dinescu SC, Vreju FA · 2025
190
Restoration of the Ultrastructural Integrity of the Dermal Collagen Network by 12-Week Ingestion of Special Collagen Peptides
Dähnhardt D, Dähnhardt-Pfeiffer S, Segger D, Poeggeler B, Lemmnitz G · 2024
191
Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise augments collagen synthesis in a dose-response manner in resistance-trained, middle-aged men
Nulty CD, Tang JCY, Dutton J, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Enright K et al. · 2024
192
Quality attributes of partially hydrolyzed collagen in a liquid formulation used for skin care
Mejía-Calvo I, López-Juárez LE, Vázquez-Leyva S, López-Morales CA, Montoya-Escutia D, Merlos Rivera PG et al. · 2021
193
Extracellular matrix deficiency contributes to irregular uterine bleeding following progestin therapy for adenomyosis
Ye X, Jin O, Zheng A, Lv N, Guo J, Xiang J et al. · 2026
194
Anti-photoaging activity of cod peptides: structural characterisation and clinical validation
He L, Liu R, Chen L, Liu J, Wang M, Yu J et al. · 2025
195
Investigation of the Urinary Peptidome to Unravel Collagen Degradation in Health and Kidney Disease
Mina IK, Iglesias-Martinez LF, Ley M, Fillinger L, Perco P, Siwy J et al. · 2025
196
Collagen Hydrolysates from Animal By-Products in Topical Cosmetic Formulations
Egner P, Pavlačková J, Sedlaříková J, Matošková L, Mokrejš P, Janalíková M · 2025
197
A collagen amino acid composition supplementation reduces biological age in humans and increases health and lifespan in vivo
Dakhovnik A, Mantovani M, Knufinke M, Brügger V, Pramono I, Statzer C et al. · 2025
198
Oral Ingestion of AP Collagen Peptide Leads to Systemic Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp, Alleviating H2O2-Induced Dermal Fibroblast Aging
Chae M, Moon CY, Lim SH, Yamashita Y, Yamada H, Ide M et al. · 2023
199
Human Enriched Serum Following Hydrolysed Collagen Absorption Modulates Bone Cell Activity: from Bedside to Bench and Vice Versa
Wauquier F, Daneault A, Granel H, Prawitt J, Fabien Soulé V, Berger J et al. · 2019
200
Improvement of dermal parameters in aged skin after oral use of a nutrient supplement
Addor FAS, Cotta Vieira J, Abreu Melo CS · 2018
201
Oral Ingestion of Collagen Hydrolysate Leads to the Transportation of Highly Concentrated Gly-Pro-Hyp and Its Hydrolyzed Form of Pro-Hyp into the Bloodstream and Skin
Yazaki M, Ito Y, Yamada M, Goulas S, Teramoto S, Nakaya MA et al. · 2017
202
Do scleroderma patients look young?: Evaluation by using facial imaging system
Sawamura S, Jinnin M, Kajihara I, Makino K, Aoi J, Ichihara A et al. · 2017
203
Absorption and Urinary Excretion of Peptides after Collagen Tripeptide Ingestion in Humans
Yamamoto S, Deguchi K, Onuma M, Numata N, Sakai Y · 2016
204
Determination of serum biomarkers in osteoarthritis patients: a previous interventional imaging study revisited
McAlindon T, Bartnik E, S Ried J, Teichert L, Herrmann M, Flechsenhar K · 2016
205
Topical and systemic skin aging interventions: Evidence, pitfalls and perspectives
Gürtler AL, Sirois JP, Heckenbach IJ, Scherf-Clavel O, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Heinz A · 2026
206
The triad of collagen, vitamin C, and vitamin E in aging: emerging roles in mood and psychological health, neurotrophic support, cognitive function, endurance, and sarcopenia
Xiong C · 2026
207
Collagen supplementation and bone health - a narrative review
Zulfiqar Z, Kot J, Lee K, Leja W, Latalska K, Zjawiony J et al. · 2026
208
Targeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits
Kurtz JA, Singleton KM, Vasenina E, Jäger R, Gonzalez D, Schwarz A et al. · 2026
209
Decoding the Role of Nutrition and Foods in Augmenting Athletes Performance: A Review
Mishra MK, Mohanta GP, Ahmad R, Goyal A, Tiwari A · 2026
210
Influence of Oral Collagen Peptides on Skin Biophysical Properties in Humans: A Narrative Review
Lei D, Zhang G, Guo T, Zhang L, Man MQ · 2026
211
Dietary Collagen Supplementation as a Strategy for Skin Health: A Narrative Review of Clinical Effects on Skin, Hair, Nails, and Wound Healing
Biełach-Bazyluk A, Jurga M, Flisiak I, Zbroch E · 2026
212
Evidence-Based Use of Undenatured Type II Collagen in the Management of Osteoarthritis in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia: A Narrative Review and an Expert Opinion
Prabhoo R, Patel S, Sardar I, Jangid S, Thirupathy RV, Roy R · 2026
213
Collagen Hydrolysates, from Beauty Supplements to Supporting Wound Healing: How Solid Is the Rationale? An Overview and Insights for Regenerative Medicine Practitioners
Aragona ES, Cavallini M, Christopoulos G, Mantoan M, Raichi M · 2026
214
Collagen supplementation and regenerative health: advances in biomarker detection and smart material integration
Ivaskiene T, Viskelis J, Streimikyte P, Savickaitė M, Mobasheri A, Kaspute G · 2025
215
Nutritional interventions for osteoarthritis: targeting the metabolism-inflammation-oxidative stress axis-clinical evidence and translational practice
Wang Y, Cao Z, Gao Y, Shao P, Gao S, Dong M et al. · 2025
216
Cardiovascular Ischemia: Advancement and Potential Use of Collagen-Based Therapeutic Strategies
Olabiyi AA, de Castro Braz LE · 2025
217
Nail Supplements: When, How, and Why?
Zaraa I, Richert B · 2025
218
Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Marine Collagen: A Scientific Exploration for Delaying Skin Aging
Rahman A, Rehmani R, Pirvu DG, Huang SM, Puri S, Arcos M · 2024
219
Hydrolyzed collagen: Exploring its applications in the food and beverage industries and assessing its impact on human health - A comprehensive review
Al Hajj W, Salla M, Krayem M, Khaled S, Hassan HF, El Khatib S · 2024
220
Collagen supplementation in skin and orthopedic diseases: A review of the literature
Campos LD, Santos Junior VA, Pimentel JD, Carregã GLF, Cazarin CBB · 2023
221
Collagen Hydrolysates: A Source of Bioactive Peptides Derived from Food Sources for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Larder CE, Iskandar MM, Kubow S · 2023
222
Oral Supplementation and Systemic Drugs for Skin Aging: A Narrative Review
Morgado-Carrasco D, Gil-Lianes J, Jourdain E, Piquero-Casals J · 2023
223
Collagen peptide supplementation for pain and function: is it effective?
Kviatkovsky SA, Hickner RC, Ormsbee MJ · 2022
224
[Points of undenatured type II collagen application in musculoskeletal pain syndromes treatment]
Shavlovskaya OA, Gromova OA, Torshin IY · 2022
225
Nutrition and youthful skin
Muzumdar S, Ferenczi K · 2021
226
Undenatured type II collagen in the treatment of osteoarthritis
Sütő G · 2021
227
Systemic drugs with impact on osteoarthritis
Apostu D, Lucaciu O, Mester A, Oltean-Dan D, Baciut M, Baciut G et al. · 2019
228
Current status of top 10 nutraceuticals used for Knee Osteoarthritis in India
Vaishya R, Agarwal AK, Shah A, Vijay V, Vaish A · 2018
229
The Role of Functional Foods in Cutaneous Anti-aging
Cho S · 2014
230
Nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis : a critical review
Ragle RL, Sawitzke AD · 2012
231
Collagen hydrolysate for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint disorders: a review of the literature
Bello AE, Oesser S · 2006
232
Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease
Moskowitz RW · 2000
233
Nutraceuticals as therapeutic agents in osteoarthritis. The role of glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and collagen hydrolysate
Deal CL, Moskowitz RW · 1999

Every statement on this page carries its evidence tier — proven, plausible or hypothesis — and leads to the original work. The decision in the individual case rests with the practitioner; we provide the connections.