Knowledge · Natural Compounds

Zinc

Q: Does Zinc help with respiratory tract infections? What the studies show

We evaluated 6 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 7 controlled studies and 7 further studies; the controlled studies include 3,862 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [3, 4, 11, 12]

Q: Does Zinc help with common cold? What the studies show

We evaluated 6 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 4 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 320 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly no difference. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [9, 11, 35, 44]

Q: Does Zinc help with immune function? What the studies show

We evaluated 2 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 7 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 811 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [58, 61, 69, 94]

Q: Does Zinc help with diarrhoea in children? What the studies show

We evaluated 4 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 5 controlled studies and one further study; the controlled studies include 10,933 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [3, 4, 48, 60]

Q: Does Zinc help with skin? What the studies show

We evaluated one meta-analysis or systematic review, 4 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 220 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: [75, 132, 137, 188]

Q: Does Zinc help with taste? What the studies show

We evaluated one meta-analysis or systematic review, 3 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 123 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly no difference. Strength of evidence under our published rules: moderate. Sources: [26, 200, 269, 277]

Q: Which zinc forms were used in the studies?

The studies predominantly used zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc citrate, zinc picolinate and zinc acetate, sometimes orally, sublingually or intranasally. Individual investigations tested zinc oxide for external use as well as zinc-L-carnosine in mouth rinses and adhesive suspensions. Form, amount and duration of intake influence absorption and varied considerably between the studies.

Q: Does zinc show an effect for colds?

The reviews contradict each other: Preventively, zinc hardly changed the risk of colds [9], but with an existing cold the duration was shorter [9, 72]. The certainty of these data is low. A meta-analysis on zinc acetate lozenges reported faster recovery [44]. A randomized controlled trial, by contrast, found no difference and even slower recovery after the end of intake [133]. The results vary depending on zinc form, administration and study quality.

Zinc is a trace element; studies show benefits especially for diarrhea and respiratory infections in children, but for colds they contradict each other.

Last updated: 2026-10-15

We evaluated 330 human studies on Zinc, including 198 randomised controlled trials and 75 meta-analyses or systematic reviews; the controlled studies include 42,118 participants in total. As of 5 October 2026.

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1. What Is Zinc? Occurrence, Origin and Forms

Zinc is a trace element that the body cannot produce itself and can store only to a limited extent. It occurs in animal and plant foods and is taken up through the diet, and is additionally supplied as salts or as compounds bound to organic carriers. Supply is common when intake is insufficient; in studies, zinc is examined in contexts such as the common cold, wound healing and diarrhoea in children.

Zinc occurs in soils, water and many foods, especially meat, seafood, legumes and seeds. In the body it is present in many tissues and enzymes.

Zinc is obtained from zinc ores; for supply it is bound to salts or organic carriers, for example as sulfate, gluconate, citrate, picolinate or acetate. In studies these forms are examined individually, at different amounts and over different periods of time, as is zinc oxide for topical use.

Forms and Preparations Studied

Zinc sulfate
Zinc gluconate
Zinc citrate
Zinc picolinate
Zinc acetate
Zinc oxide for topical use

Not covered on this page:

Zinc pyrithione in anti-dandruff products, a different compound with cosmetic use
Zinc oxide as a UV filter in sunscreens, which serves light protection and is not a zinc supply
Zinc in infusion and dialysis solutions, which are not supplied via the gastrointestinal route

2. What Does Zinc Do? Results by Area

Area	Result in controlled studies	Strength of evidence	Studies	Participants
Respiratory tract infections	mostly improved	high	6 meta-analyses · 7 controlled · 7 other	3,862
Common cold	mostly no difference	high	6 meta-analyses · 4 controlled · 2 other	320
Immune function	mixed	high	2 meta-analyses · 7 controlled · 5 other	811
Diarrhoea in children	mixed	high	4 meta-analyses · 5 controlled · 1 other	10,933
Skin	mostly improved	high	1 meta-analyses · 4 controlled · 2 other	220
Taste	mostly no difference	moderate	1 meta-analyses · 3 controlled · 2 other	123
Wound healing	mostly no difference	unclear	0 meta-analyses · 2 controlled · 3 other	42
Other investigations	mostly improved	high	41 meta-analyses · 174 controlled · 58 other	31,397

How to read the table: counted are human studies whose results concern the area. “High” means at least one meta-analysis and two controlled studies showing improvement, or at least three controlled studies of which three quarters show improvement, with at least 300 participants in total. “Moderate” means at least two controlled studies showing improvement, as a majority, or one meta-analysis alongside controlled studies. “Low” means one controlled study showing improvement. Where an area has no controlled study, the strength of evidence is at most “low” (result “reviews only” or “observational data only”). Everything else is “unclear”. A study counts as showing improvement when at least half of its outcomes in this area improved. Reviews of combination products do not count as meta-analyses; results that only describe side effects or shares of users do not count as an effect. The same study is counted only once.

3. What the Studies Show in Detail

Zinc and Respiratory Tract Infections: Human Studies

In adults without known zinc deficiency, zinc somewhat prevented mild respiratory infections in two reviews 11 14. Both reviews come from the same working group 11 14. In treatment, the symptoms subsided earlier, but the certainty of these data is low 11 14. The strongest symptoms were less severe, but the average symptom severity was not 11 14. In children under five years, preventive zinc reduced the frequency of pneumonia in one review 12. A larger review found no difference for lower respiratory tract infections in children 4. In a region with zinc deficiency, young children taking zinc gluconate fell ill again less often with lower respiratory tract infections 120. In Laos, preventive or therapeutic zinc did not change the number of respiratory infections in young children 78. US cadets had more symptom-free phases with zinc gluconate, but not fewer medically diagnosed infections 215. In children with pneumonia in hospital, zinc shortened hospital stay in two randomized trials 127 168. In a third study, it shortened only cough and runny nose 122. A meta-analysis found fewer deaths from pneumonia in children under five years 3. In adults with COVID-19 in hospital, intensive care need or death occurred less often with zinc acetate 156. This study was small and unblinded 156. Predominantly oral zinc forms such as zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate and zinc acetate were investigated, sometimes also sublingual or intranasal, in varying amounts and durations. Combination products do not allow any statement about zinc alone. Echinacea with zinc and vitamin C shortened upper respiratory infections compared with placebo 90. A tablet with aspirin, promethazine, vitamins, zinc and selenium alleviated symptoms in COVID-19 93. A product with pelargonium extract, honey, propolis and zinc alleviated sore throats in children more than standard treatment 245. An early review also suspects a benefit for SARS-CoV-2; study results for this were still pending 71. The studies in children mostly come from countries with widespread zinc deficiency. They cannot be readily transferred to well-nourished people.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
3 Rouhani et al. 2022	meta-analysis · 237,068 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not stated); ≥10 mg/day in subgroup analysis; Intervention <11 months, follow-up <1 year; vs. Placebo/control in RCTs	Mortality from pneumonia: improved (0.70: 0.64, 0.98)
4 Imdad et al. 2023	systematic review · 219,584 participants	Preventive zinc supplementation, mostly zinc sulfate syrup; mostly 10 mg to 15 mg daily; median follow-up 26 weeks; vs. no intervention, placebo, or waiting list	Mortality due to LRTI: improved (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.15); Morbidity due to LRTI: no difference (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.08)
11 Hunter et al. 2021	systematic review · 5,446 participants	Zinc formulations oral, intranasal or sublingual; not reported; not reported; vs. Placebo or active control	RTIs prevented per 100 person-months: improved (5 RTIs per 100 person-months (95% CI 1 to 8, NNT=20)); Symptom duration (days earlier): improved (2 days earlier (95% CI 0.61 to 3.50)); Proportion still symptomatic on day 7: improved (19 more adults per 100 (95% CI 2 to 38, NNT=5))
12 Lassi et al. 2016	systematic review · 5,193 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not stated); vs. Placebo or control	Incidence of pneumonia: improved (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.81 to 0.94); Prevalence of pneumonia: improved (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.99); Incidence of pneumonia by specific clinical criteria: improved (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.0.71 to 0.88)
14 Hunter et al. 2020	systematic review · 3,597 participants	Zinc (oral, sublingual, topical nasal); oral 15-45 mg/day; sublingual 45-300 mg/day; nasal 0.09-2.6 mg/day; not reported; vs. Placebo or active control	Prevention of respiratory tract infections: improved (5 mild to moderate RTIs per 100 person-months); Treatment: peak symptom severity: improved (mean difference 1.2 points, 0.7 to 1.7); Treatment: average daily symptom severity: no difference (standardised mean difference 0.2, 0.1 to 0.4)
48 De et al. 2026	systematic review · 51 participants	Zinc supplementation, therapeutic or prophylactic; heterogeneous dosing, not standardized; variable treatment duration; vs. placebo or control, per study	resolution of respiratory infections: improved (improved the resolution of respiratory infections)
50 Banerjee et al. 2026	systematic review	zinc (form not specified), part of a micronutrient review; vs. low vs. normal zinc levels; supplementation vs. none	higher infection rates with low zinc: worsened
71 Arentz et al. 2020	systematic review	Zinc in various forms, alone or as adjunct; vs. Placebo or active control	risk, duration and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections: unclear

Further studies in this area: 78 120 122 127 156 168 215 283 299 303 315 317

Zinc and Common Cold: Human Studies

Preventively, zinc hardly changed the risk of colds in a large systematic review 9. Also in healthy adults, the number of colds remained the same 72. With an existing cold, the duration was shorter with zinc 9 72. The certainty of these data is low. Meta-analyses of lozenges with zinc acetate or zinc gluconate found a significantly shorter duration than with placebo 35 44 45. Two of them evaluate the same patients 44 45. A study with commercially available zinc acetate lozenges, however, found no difference 133. After discontinuation, the zinc group there even recovered more slowly 133. Zinc nasal spray with zinc lozenges did not shorten colds in a placebo-controlled study 268. Some participants had pain in the olfactory area 268. Mixed preparations do not allow conclusions about zinc alone. Zinc with high-dose vitamin C alleviated runny nose 123. An herbal formula with vitamin C and zinc shortened the symptoms 170. It is open which composition of lozenges works best 35 44.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
9 Nault et al. 2024	systematic review · 8,526 participants	Zinc in various forms, mostly lozenges (gluconate, acetate, orotate); Zinc gluconate 45 to 276 mg/day; 4.5 to 21 days (treatment); follow-up 5 to 18 months (prevention); vs. Placebo	Risk of developing a cold: no difference (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.01); Mean number of colds over 5 to 18 months: no difference (MD -0.90, 95% CI -1.93 to 0.12); Duration of colds in days: no difference (MD -0.63, 95)
11 Hunter et al. 2021	systematic review · 5,446 participants	Zinc formulations oral, intranasal or sublingual; not reported; not reported; vs. Placebo or active control	Clinical colds following human rhinovirus inoculations: no difference (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.21)
35 Hemilä et al. 2017	meta-analysis · 575 participants	Zinc lozenges of zinc acetate or zinc gluconate; >75 mg/day; 80-92 mg/day or 192-207 mg/day; vs. Placebo	Duration of the common cold: improved (33% (95% CI 21% to 45%) shorter); Duration of the common cold (zinc acetate): improved (shortened by 40%); Duration of the common cold (zinc gluconate): improved (shortened by 28%)
44 Hemilä et al. 2017	meta-analysis · 199 participants	zinc acetate lozenges; 80-92 mg/day elemental zinc; from symptom onset, assessed to day 5; vs. placebo lozenges	recovery rate (rate ratio): improved (3.1 (95% confidence interval, 2.1-4.7)); proportion recovered on day 5: improved (70% of the zinc patients had recovered compared with 27% of the placebo patients); number needed to treat on day 5: improved (2.3)
45 Hemilä et al. 2016	meta-analysis · 199 participants	Zinc acetate lozenges; vs. Placebo	Duration of common cold: improved (2.73 days (95% CI 1.8, 3.3 days) shorter); Duration of common cold: improved (2.94 days (95% CI 2.1, 3.8 days) reduction)
72 Wang et al. 2020	systematic review	Oral zinc supplementation (form not stated); vs. Placebo/control or other micronutrients	Cold duration: improved (reduce cold duration by 2.25 days (when zinc is provided singly, 95% CI: -3.39, -1.12)); Cold incidence: no difference; Symptom severity: no difference
123 Maggini et al. 2012	randomised controlled · 94 participants	1000 mg vitamin C plus 10 mg zinc; 1000 mg vitamin C + 10 mg zinc; 5 days of treatment; vs. Placebo	rhinorrhoea duration: no difference (nonsignificant reduction of rhinorrhoea duration (range 9-27%)); rhinorrhoea over 5 days: improved (significantly more efficient than placebo); symptom relief: improved (symptom relief was quicker)
133 Hemilä et al. 2020	randomised controlled · 87 participants	Zinc acetate lozenges (commercially available); 13 mg elemental zinc, six times per day; maximum 5 days; vs. Placebo lozenges with sucrose octa-acetate	Recovery rate over 10 days: no difference (rate ratio for zinc vs placebo=0.68, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.08; p=0.10); Recovery rate in the 2 days after end of use: worsened (p=0.003)

Further studies in this area: 154 170 268 320

Zinc and Immune Function: Human Studies

Two meta-analyses of randomized trials found lower levels of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein with zinc 58 61. One concerned diabetes and prediabetes 58, the other also found lower interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha 61. In older nursing home residents with low serum zinc, serum zinc and the number of T cells increased with a higher zinc dose 222. The comparison was with a low zinc dose 222. In HIV patients with zinc deficiency, the activation marker soluble CD14 decreased with zinc gluconate, but other inflammatory markers did not 121. Two studies found no difference in CD4 cell count in HIV patients with zinc gluconate 94 173. In COVID-19 patients, antibody levels were lower with zinc acetate than without zinc 156. In young children in Bangladesh, neither zinc tablets nor zinc-containing micronutrient powder changed gene expression or cytokines 119. A mixed preparation of yeast glucans with selenium and zinc caused antibodies to rise more after COVID-19 vaccination than placebo 155. What share zinc has in this is open. The findings mostly come from small studies in special groups and concern laboratory values. Whether this leads to fewer infections remains to be clarified.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
58 Nazari et al. 2024	meta-analysis	Zinc supplementation (form not specified); vs. Control group (placebo/no supplementation)	C-reactive protein: improved
61 Nazari et al. 2023	meta-analysis	Zinc supplementation (form not specified); vs. Control group (placebo or no supplementation)	C-reactive protein: improved; Interleukin-6: improved; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha: improved
69 Li et al. 2021	meta-analysis	Vitamin and mineral supplements, including zinc; vs. Placebo	hs-CRP: improved (MD = - 1.29; 95% CI: - 1.82, - 0.76; P < 0.00001)
94 Freiberg et al. 2020	randomised controlled · 254 participants	Pharmacy-grade zinc gluconate vs. placebo; 15 mg/day men, 12 mg/day women; 18 months; vs. Placebo, double-blind randomized	CD4 cell count: no difference (AMD, 41.8 cells/mm3; 95% CI, -20.3 to 103.8 cells/mm3; P = .19)
97 Kewcharoenwong et al. 2022	randomised controlled · 200 participants	Therapeutic dispersible zinc tablets (TZ), daily multiple micronutrient powder (MNP), daily preventive zinc tablets (PZ), placebo powder; 7, 10 or 20 mg/day elemental zinc; vs. Placebo powder (control)	Plasma anti-E. coli IgG levels: improved (significantly increased compared with baseline); Anti-E. coli IgG avidity: improved (increased anti-E. coli IgG avidity in the control and PZ groups)
119 Hayman et al. 2021	randomised controlled · 100 participants	Zinc MNP (10 mg zinc) or dispersible zinc tablet (10 mg); 10 mg zinc daily; 24 weeks; vs. Placebo powder	Differential peripheral blood gene expression: no difference; Cytokine concentrations: no difference
121 Baissary et al. 2025	randomised controlled · 95 participants	Zinc gluconate tablets (90 mg elemental zinc) or placebo; 90 mg elemental zinc daily; 24 weeks; vs. Placebo, double-blind, randomized 2:1	soluble CD14 (monocyte activation marker): improved (-56.31 ng/mL (-263.24; 134.19) vs 101.71 ng/mL (-90.50; 243.20); p = 0.021)
156 Gómez-Zorrilla et al. 2025	randomised controlled · 71 participants	Oral zinc acetate plus standard of care; 90 mg/day; 14 days; vs. Standard of care alone	Antibody levels at days 14 and 28: worsened

Further studies in this area: 173 222 289 301 315 318

Zinc and Diarrhoea in Children: Human Studies

In children with acute diarrhea, zinc shortened the duration in a meta-analysis 60. More children recovered than with placebo, also in persistent diarrhea 60. Another review reaches the same conclusion 48. Preventive zinc reduced the frequency and severity of diarrhea in young children, mostly with low zinc levels 107. A large review of preventive administration also found somewhat fewer diarrheas 4. For mortality from diarrhea, no confirmed difference was shown 3 4. In Laos, zinc had no overall effect on diarrhea in young children 78. Only in children over one and a half years did therapeutic zinc shorten the episodes 78. In addition to probiotics, zinc sulfate syrup shortened recovery time, but not illness severity 249. Most studies investigated zinc sulfate syrup in very different doses 4. It remains open which form and dose are most favorable for which age. A meta-analysis recommends lower doses because they caused vomiting less often 60.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
3 Rouhani et al. 2022	meta-analysis · 237,068 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not stated); ≥10 mg/day in subgroup analysis; Intervention <11 months, follow-up <1 year; vs. Placebo/control in RCTs	Mortality from diarrhea: no difference (0.85; 0.70, 1.03)
4 Imdad et al. 2023	systematic review · 219,584 participants	Preventive zinc supplementation, mostly zinc sulfate syrup; mostly 10 mg to 15 mg daily; median follow-up 26 weeks; vs. no intervention, placebo, or waiting list	Mortality due to all-cause diarrhea: no difference (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.31); Incidence of all-cause diarrhea: improved (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.93)
48 De et al. 2026	systematic review · 51 participants	Zinc supplementation, therapeutic or prophylactic; heterogeneous dosing, not standardized; variable treatment duration; vs. placebo or control, per study	duration and severity of diarrheal episodes: improved (consistently reduced the duration and severity of diarrheal episodes)
60 Ali et al. 2024	systematic review	Zinc supplementation (form not stated); low dose vs high dose compared; vs. Placebo or no zinc	Proportion recovered in acute diarrhoea: improved (RR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.1); Duration of diarrhoea in acute diarrhoea: improved (MD = -13.27 hours; 95% CI = -17.66, -8.89); Proportion recovered in persistent diarrhoea: improved (RR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.30)
76 Edwards et al. 2025	randomised controlled · 4,500 participants	Zinc supplementation (salt form not stated); 5 mg, 10 mg or 20 mg daily; vs. lower vs. higher zinc dose	any vomiting: no difference (1203 (26.7%)); vomiting with dehydration: worsened (RR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.10-1.92); vomiting with underweight: worsened (RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.05-1.41)
78 Barffour et al. 2020	randomised controlled · 3,407 participants	Therapeutic zinc, preventive zinc tablets, multiple micronutrient powder; TZ: 20 mg/d for 10 days; PZ: 7 mg/d; MNP: 10 mg zinc/d; 9 months; vs. Placebo	Diarrhea incidence: no difference (0.61 ± 0.01 episodes/100 days at risk); Diarrhea duration: no difference (2.12 ± 0.03 days/episode); Diarrhea incidence in children >18 months (TZ vs. MNP): improved (reduced by 24% (P = 0.035))
81 Islam et al. 2022	randomised controlled · 2,886 participants	Zinc in micronutrient powder or dispersible tablets; 4.1 mg or 10 mg zinc daily or alternating days; 24 weeks; vs. Placebo powder	Incidence of diarrhea: no difference; Prevalence of diarrhea: no difference
107 Abd et al. 2022	randomised controlled · 140 participants	zinc supplement (form not stated); daily, amount not stated; 4 months; vs. placebo	cumulative incidence of diarrhea: improved (P < .05); number of diarrhea episodes per child: improved (P < .05); frequency of stools per day: improved (P < .05)

Further studies in this area: 249 316

Zinc and Skin: Human Studies

In hemodialysis patients, zinc gluconate alleviated itching in a randomized placebo-controlled trial, but not dry skin 132. A systematic review sees only limited evidence that ingested zinc heals skin warts 75. This is most likely the case with zinc deficiency 75. In children with Hirschsprung disease, the skin was less often sore after surgery with zinc 188. With the cancer drug regorafenib, hand-foot skin reactions occurred less often with zinc 258. Combination products also do not allow any statement about zinc alone here. These include combinations with glutathione and vitamin C 137, with alpha-lipoic acid and biotin 219, as well as an acne care product with pomegranate extract 231. The skin studies are small and short and use different zinc forms.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
75 Simonart et al. 2012	systematic review	Zinc (systemic); vs. Placebo or other systemic therapies	Total clearance of warts: improved (limited evidence)
132 Tavassoli et al. 2024	randomised controlled · 87 participants	Zinc gluconate; 210 mg zinc gluconate (30 mg elemental zinc) per day; 12 weeks; vs. Placebo	Pruritus: improved (-0/52 (-0/82 to - 0/22)); Xerosis: no difference
137 Sitohang et al. 2021	randomised controlled · 83 participants	Oral glutathione supplement with zinc aspartate; 12 weeks; vs. Placebo capsules	Spot ultraviolet reduction in subgroups: no difference (not statistically significant); Spot polarization reduction: no difference (not statistically significant); Skin tone improvement: no difference (not statistically significant)
188 Ibrahim et al. 2025	randomised controlled · 50 participants	Zinc (form not specified); preoperative; vs. Control group without zinc	Skin excoriation: improved (8% vs. 32%)
258 Huang et al. 2023	randomised controlled	Zinc supplementation; first 8 weeks of treatment; vs. randomized control group	Incidence of grade ≥2 hand-foot skin reaction: improved
288 Towersey et al. 2023	study · 51 participants	cleansing gel with salicylic acid 2%, zinc gluconate 0.2%, lipohydroxy acid 0.05%; daily use, amount not reported; 84 days; vs. no control group, open-label	total lesion count: improved (-56.3%); non-inflammatory lesions: improved (-64.0%); inflammatory lesions: improved (-48.2%)
302 Lalosevic et al. 2023	case-control study	Serum zinc measurement, no zinc supplementation; vs. Alopecia areata group vs. healthy controls	Serum zinc concentration: worsened (p = 0.017); Prevalence of zinc deficiency: worsened (p = 0.011); Correlation between serum zinc and disease severity: worsened (ρ = 0.006)

Zinc and Taste: Human Studies

In unexplained taste disorders, zinc gluconate improved taste in a randomized placebo-controlled study 200. A controlled study with zinc picolinate showed a better result in a taste test with filter paper disk method in zinc deficiency taste disorders 269. However, subjective complaints and the whole-mouth test did not improve more than with placebo 269. A second double-blind study with zinc picolinate showed the same pattern 277. A meta-analysis with various zinc salts found improvement in taste disorders more often than with control 26. The individual studies are small and use different zinc forms. It is open which form and dose help for which cause.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
26 Mozaffar et al. 2023	meta-analysis · 938 participants	Zinc (sulfate, gluconate, picolinate, polaprezinc, acetate); 17–86.7 mg elemental zinc daily; three to six months; vs. Control group	Improvement in taste disorder: improved (RR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.64, p=0.0002); Improvement in taste perception in chronic renal disease (zinc acetate): improved (RR = 26.69, 95% CI = 5.52-129.06, p < 0.0001)
200 Heckmann et al. 2005	randomised controlled · 50 participants	Zinc gluconate or placebo (lactose); 140 mg/day; vs. Placebo (lactose)	Gustatory function: improved (p <0.001); Severity of dysgeusia: improved (p <0.05)
269 Sakai et al. 2002	controlled · 73 participants	zinc picolinate, oral capsule; 29 mg zinc picolinate three times daily; 3 months; vs. placebo, double-blind	improvement in subjective symptoms: no difference; whole-mouth taste sensation: no difference; taste assessment by filter paper disk method: improved (significantly better improvement)
277 Sakai et al. 1995	controlled	Zinc picolinate; vs. Placebo	Improvement by filter-paper disk method: improved; Total subjective recovery: no difference; Improvement by whole mouth method: no difference
312 Nin et al. 2024	review	Oral zinc therapy: polaprezinc (off-label) and zinc acetate hydrate; vs. Various treatments in patients under and over 65 years	Efficacy of zinc therapy for taste disorders: unclear (low-level evidence); Efficacy of various treatments in older vs. younger patients: no difference (no significant difference)
316 Santos et al. 2022	review	Zinc supplements (form not specified); ∼50-150 mg/day elemental zinc in adults; vs. no comparison, review	zinc supplementation in taste disorders: improved

Zinc and Wound Healing: Human Studies

The controlled studies on wound healing tested zinc only in combinations. A skin care product with prebiotics, panthenol and zinc shortened healing time after cryotherapy 149. In pressure ulcers, polaprezinc, a zinc-carnosine complex, worked better than no treatment 271. L-carnosine alone, however, worked just as well 271. A liquid nutritional supplement with arginine, vitamin C and zinc did not significantly reduce pressure ulcers 240. From these mixtures, no independent effect of zinc can be derived. A review on supply during operations links low zinc levels with slower wound healing and more infections 50. Whether targeted zinc administration changes this is still open 50. The studies are small and short.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
36 De et al. 2026	systematic review · 544 participants	Zinc L-carnosine in mouthwashes, lozenges, mucoadhesive suspensions; vs. Control groups without ZnC	Improved surgical wound healing: improved
50 Banerjee et al. 2026	systematic review	zinc (form not specified), part of a micronutrient review; vs. low vs. normal zinc levels; supplementation vs. none	delayed healing with low zinc: worsened
240 Sánchez-Sánchez et al. 2026	randomised controlled	hypercaloric hyperproteic ONS with fiber, omega-3, L-arginine, nucleotides, vitamin C and zinc; 15 and 30 days; vs. hypercaloric hyperproteic ONS with fiber without enrichment	frequency of pressure-related injuries: no difference (did not reach statistical significance); high risk proportion: no difference (72.5% vs 40.9%); PUSH scale: no difference
271 Sakae et al. 2013	controlled · 42 participants	Polaprezinc (zinc-L-carnosine complex) orally; 150 mg/d polaprezinc (34 mg zinc, 116 mg L-carnosine); maximum 4 weeks; vs. untreated control and L-carnosine group (116 mg/d)	mean weekly improvement in PUSH score: no difference (1.8 ± 0.2, P = .009)
298 Bechara et al. 2026	cohort study	Serum zinc (no zinc supplementation reported); 12 months follow-up; vs. zinc deficiency vs. adequate zinc levels	wound healing or time to healing: no difference

Zinc: Further Outcomes in Studies

Further studies tested zinc for very different questions, from metabolic values to pregnancy and infections. Meta-analyses in diabetes and prediabetes found more favorable blood sugar or blood lipid levels with zinc 17 21 24 25 58. One of them saw a slight increase in LDL cholesterol 25. A broader meta-analysis found no difference in LDL cholesterol, blood pressure and liver enzymes 61. These are laboratory values; whether this leads to fewer cardiovascular diseases remains to be clarified. In menstrual pain, zinc alleviated pain more than placebo in a meta-analysis 28. Mixed preparations concerned, for example, pregnancy 2 or vitamin A in tuberculosis 20; the share of zinc remains open there.

Study	Design · participants	Preparation · dose · duration · comparison	Result
1 An et al. 2022	meta-analysis · 883,627 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not specified); vs. Control group without zinc	Cardiovascular risk factors: improved (moderate- to high-quality evidence for reducing CVD risk factors)
2 Keats et al. 2021	systematic review · 451,723 participants	Zinc as single nutrient and multiple micronutrient supplements; vs. Folic acid, iron-folic acid, multiple micronutrients, lipid-based nutrients	Maternal anaemia (IFA vs. folic acid): improved (average risk ratio (RR) 0.52, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.66); Low birthweight (IFA vs. folic acid): improved (average RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.99); Low birthweight (MMN vs. iron with/without folic acid): improved (average RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.93)
3 Rouhani et al. 2022	meta-analysis · 237,068 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not stated); ≥10 mg/day in subgroup analysis; Intervention <11 months, follow-up <1 year; vs. Placebo/control in RCTs	All-cause mortality: improved (SRR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.96); All-cause mortality with follow-up <1 year: improved (0.46; 0.33, 0.63); All-cause mortality at dose ≥10 mg/day: improved (0.56; 0.42, 0.75)
4 Imdad et al. 2023	systematic review · 219,584 participants	Preventive zinc supplementation, mostly zinc sulfate syrup; mostly 10 mg to 15 mg daily; median follow-up 26 weeks; vs. no intervention, placebo, or waiting list	All-cause mortality: no difference (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.03); Mortality due to malaria: improved (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.06); Height: improved (SMD 0.12, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.14)
5 Shahrokhi et al. 2024	meta-analysis · 163,909 participants	Zinc levels in serum, hair, nail, prostatic fluid/tissue; zinc intake; vs. Prostate cancer patients vs. healthy controls	Serum zinc level: worsened (SMD: -1.11; 95% CI: -1.67, -0.56); Hair zinc level: worsened (SMD: -1.31; 95% CI: -2.19, -0.44); Prostatic fluid or tissue zinc level: worsened (SMD: -3.70; 95% CI: -4.90, -2.49)
6 Carducci et al. 2021	systematic review · 18,000 participants	Zinc supplementation (form not reported); vs. No zinc supplementation or placebo	Preterm births: no difference (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.03); Stillbirth: no difference (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.88); Perinatal deaths: no difference (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.51)
7 Sajedi et al. 2020	systematic review · 11,559 participants	Zinc supplementation alone or with iron co-supplementation; Follow-up up to 9 years; vs. Placebo or control (not specified)	Mental development (Bayley Scales II, 6 and 12 months): no difference; Motor development (Bayley Scales II, 6 and 12 months): no difference; Long-term development in preschool and school-age children: no difference
8 Shi et al. 2026	meta-analysis · 10,262 participants	Magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D supplement; vs. Standard control	Cesarean section rate: no difference (RR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.15, 1.29)

Further studies in this area: 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 46 47 48 49 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 73 74 77 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 91 92 94 95 96 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 121 122 124 125 126 128 129 130 131 132 134 135 136 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 150 151 152 153 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 169 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 216 217 218 220 221 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 241 242 243 244 246 247 248 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 269 270 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 284 285 286 287 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 299 300 301 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 313 314 316 318 319

4. How Is Zinc Dosed? Preparation, Dose and Duration in Studies

The studies predominantly used oral zinc forms such as zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc citrate, zinc picolinate and zinc acetate, sometimes also sublingual, intranasal or as lozenges. Individual investigations tested zinc oxide for external use as well as zinc-L-carnosine in mouth rinses and adhesive suspensions. Form, amount and duration of intake varied considerably between the studies, which limits comparability.

Preparation or form	Dose	Duration	Study
Zinc supplementation (salt form not stated)	5 mg, 10 mg or 20 mg daily	—	76
Oral AREDS2 nutrient supplements with lower versus higher zinc dosage	—	Median 5 years	77
Therapeutic zinc, preventive zinc tablets, multiple micronutrient powder	TZ: 20 mg/d for 10 days; PZ: 7 mg/d; MNP: 10 mg zinc/d	9 months	78
Daily preventive zinc tablets, multiple micronutrient powders, therapeutic zinc supplements, or placebo	7 mg/day, 10 mg/day (MNP), 20 mg/day for 10 days (TZ)	~36 weeks follow-up	79
Daily zinc tablets, micronutrient powder with zinc, therapeutic zinc supplementation	7 mg/d zinc; 10 mg/d zinc in powder; 20 mg/d zinc for 10 days per diarrhea episode	approximately 9 months	80
Zinc in micronutrient powder or dispersible tablets	4.1 mg or 10 mg zinc daily or alternating days	24 weeks	81
Daily zinc (25 mg) and vitamin A (2500 IU) vs. placebo	25 mg zinc daily	From first trimester to delivery	82
Quintuply-fortified salt with zinc, iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, iodine	—	12 months	83
Quintuply-fortified salt with zinc, iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, iodine	Salt disappearance 6.0 g/adult female equivalent/day, zinc dose not reported	12 months	84
Chispuditos®, micronutrient-fortified atole drink (9 mg zinc, 12.5 mg iron)	9 mg zinc per day (part of mixture)	18 months	85
Oral nutrition supplement with multi-minerals and vitamins (contains zinc)	—	12 weeks	86
Quintuply-fortified salt (zinc, B-12, folate, iodine, iron)	—	12 months	87
Daily zinc tablets (7 mg) or zinc-containing multiple micronutrient powder (10 mg zinc + 13 other micronutrients) or placebo	7 mg zinc daily (PZ) or 10 mg zinc daily (MNP)	9 months (36 weeks)	88
Oral zinc gluconate supplementation	15 mg/d or 30 mg/d	6 months	89
EZC Pak: echinacea-zinc-vitamin C combination, with or without vitamin D	—	5 days	90

5. Is Zinc Safe? Side Effects in Studies

In the treatment of respiratory infections, mild side effects occurred more often with zinc than with placebo 9 11 14. Nausea and irritation in the mouth and nose are mentioned 11 14. With zinc acetate lozenges, more participants reported side effects than with placebo 133. A zinc nasal spray caused pain in the olfactory area in some participants 268. The authors warn against putting zinc into the nose because of reported loss of smell 268. Serious adverse events were not observed in several evaluations 10 44. In children, vomiting occurred more often with zinc than without zinc 4 60. Lower doses caused vomiting less often 60 76. In menstrual pain, side effects did not differ in a confirmed way from placebo 28.

Study	Reported side effects
4 Imdad et al. 2023	more participants with at least one vomiting episode (RR 1.29)
7 Sajedi et al. 2020	no adverse effects reported
9 Nault et al. 2024	Unpleasant taste, loss of smell, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhoea (reported)
10 Gulani et al. 2014	no serious adverse events; a small minority of children vomited shortly after ingestion
11 Hunter et al. 2021	Non-serious adverse events (nausea, irritation) more frequent
13 Zhou et al. 2024	Safety assessed via SUCRA ranking
14 Hunter et al. 2020	no serious AEs; non-serious AEs such as nausea, mouth or nasal irritation
15 Ghadirzadeh et al. 2025	No diarrhea, rash, or vomiting; publication bias found
16 Yadav et al. 2025	No differences in adverse events
18 Abdollahi et al. 2020	not reported
23 Wang et al. 2026	Zinc supplementation reported as safe
28 Hsu et al. 2024	no significant difference vs placebo (OR 2.54; 95% CI 0.78-8.26; p = 0.122)

6. What Remains Open: Limits of the Evidence

Most data come from countries with widespread zinc deficiency and predominantly concern children, so transferability to adults without zinc deficiency remains open.
Form, dose and duration of zinc intake are inconsistent between the studies, which makes direct comparison difficult.
Many individual studies are small and short, and the results often differ greatly between studies.
Combination products with other substances do not allow any statement about the effect of zinc alone.
Preventive administration and treatment of an existing illness sometimes led to different results, for example with colds 9.

7. Bottom Line: What Is Established About Zinc

Zinc is a trace element that the body cannot produce itself and can store only to a limited extent. The clearest benefits are shown by controlled trials and meta-analyses for diarrhea and respiratory infections in children, mostly in regions with widespread zinc deficiency. For colds, the reviews contradict each other; for taste disorders and skin diseases, there are individual smaller studies with favorable results. The results depend strongly on zinc form, dose, duration and the population studied. Combination products with other substances do not allow any statement about the effect of zinc alone. Tolerability is predominantly described as good, although mild gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and vomiting occurred more frequently with zinc.

Frequently Asked Questions

How well has Zinc been studied in humans?

Does Zinc help with respiratory tract infections? What the studies show

We evaluated 6 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 7 controlled studies and 7 further studies; the controlled studies include 3,862 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 3 4 11 12

Does Zinc help with common cold? What the studies show

We evaluated 6 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 4 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 320 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly no difference. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 9 11 35 44

Does Zinc help with immune function? What the studies show

We evaluated 2 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 7 controlled studies and 5 further studies; the controlled studies include 811 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 58 61 69 94

Does Zinc help with diarrhoea in children? What the studies show

We evaluated 4 meta-analyses or systematic reviews, 5 controlled studies and one further study; the controlled studies include 10,933 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mixed. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 3 4 48 60

Does Zinc help with skin? What the studies show

We evaluated one meta-analysis or systematic review, 4 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 220 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly improved. Strength of evidence under our published rules: high. Sources: 75 132 137 188

Does Zinc help with taste? What the studies show

We evaluated one meta-analysis or systematic review, 3 controlled studies and 2 further studies; the controlled studies include 123 participants in total. Result of the controlled studies: mostly no difference. Strength of evidence under our published rules: moderate. Sources: 26 200 269 277

What is zinc and what is it studied for?

Zinc is a trace element that the body cannot produce itself and can store only to a limited extent. It is taken in through food and additionally supplied in the form of salts or compounds bound to organic carriers. In studies, zinc is investigated among other things for respiratory infections, skin diseases, diarrhea in children and colds.

Which zinc forms were used in the studies?

The studies predominantly used zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc citrate, zinc picolinate and zinc acetate, sometimes orally, sublingually or intranasally. Individual investigations tested zinc oxide for external use as well as zinc-L-carnosine in mouth rinses and adhesive suspensions. Form, amount and duration of intake influence absorption and varied considerably between the studies.

Does zinc show an effect for colds?

The reviews contradict each other: Preventively, zinc hardly changed the risk of colds 9, but with an existing cold the duration was shorter 9 72. The certainty of these data is low. A meta-analysis on zinc acetate lozenges reported faster recovery 44. A randomized controlled trial, by contrast, found no difference and even slower recovery after the end of intake 133. The results vary depending on zinc form, administration and study quality.

What side effects do the studies report?

What can be derived from combination products with zinc?

Combination products with other substances such as iron, vitamin C, vitamin D or selenium do not allow any statement about the effect of zinc alone. A randomized controlled trial on a combination product of echinacea, zinc and vitamin C found a shorter duration of illness 90. A large review found that iron given at the same time weakened the benefit of zinc in children 4.

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79
Impact of Daily Preventive Zinc or Therapeutic Zinc Supplementation for Diarrhea on Plasma Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction among Rural Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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80
Effects of Daily Zinc, Daily Multiple Micronutrient Powder, or Therapeutic Zinc Supplementation for Diarrhea Prevention on Physical Growth, Anemia, and Micronutrient Status in Rural Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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81
Different Doses, Forms, and Frequencies of Zinc Supplementation for the Prevention of Diarrhea and Promotion of Linear Growth among Young Bangladeshi Children: A Six-Arm, Randomized, Community-Based Efficacy Trial
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82
Prenatal Zinc and Vitamin A Reduce the Benefit of Iron on Maternal Hematologic and Micronutrient Status at Delivery in Tanzania
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83
The Effect of Quintuply-Fortified Salt on the Gut Microbiome of Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Punjab, India: A Substudy of a Randomized, Community-Based Trial
Thompson L, Goh YE, Jamwal M, Singh BL, Brar GK, Arnold CD et al. · 2025
84
Effects of quintuply-fortified salt on the micronutrient status of females of reproductive age in Punjab, India: a randomized, community-based trial
Goh YE, Duggal M, Das R, Manger MS, Jamwal M, Singh BL et al. · 2025
85
Childhood stunting and micronutrient status unaffected by RCT of micronutrient fortified drink
Alfonso Mayén V, Ogunlusi A, Wright CM, Garcia AL · 2022
86
Enhancing Nutritional Status and Addressing Micronutrient Deficiencies: Evaluating the Impact of Workplace Nutrition Program on Female Workers in Vietnam
Nguyen LT, Nam KD, Duong PT, Pham TCT, Komatsu Y · 2024
87
Effects of Quintuply-Fortified Salt on the Micronutrient Status of Children 12 to 59 Months of Age in Punjab, India: Results from a Randomized, Community-Based, Household Trial
Long JM, Goh YE, Duggal M, Das R, Manger MS, Jamwal M et al. · 2026
88
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), IGF Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP3) and Growth Response to Daily Zinc Supplementation: A Randomized Trial in Rural Laotian Children
Barffour MA, Bernstein RM, Hinnouho GM, Wessells KR, Arnold CD, Kounnavong S et al. · 2023
89
Supplemented zinc does not alter mood in healthy older European adults--a randomised placebo-controlled trial: the Zenith study
Stewart-Knox BJ, Rae G, Simpson EE, McConville C, O'Connor J, Polito A et al. · 2011
90
Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of EZC Pak, a 5-Day Combination Echinacea-Zinc-Vitamin C Dose Pack with or without Vitamin D, in the Management of Outpatient Upper Respiratory Infections
Radhakrishnan A, Spencer S, Yanamala N, Malepati S · 2023
91
Effects of Cucurbita Moschata squash (Butternut) seed paste in improving zinc and iron status in children attending Early Childhood Development centres in Limpopo province, South Africa
Motadi SA, Mbhenyane XG, Zuma MK, Freeland Graves JH · 2024
92
The impact of ready-to-use-therapeutic-food (RUTF) on micronutrient levels in undernourished children with cancer: a randomized open-labelled controlled study
Prasad M, Srinivasan S, Jadhav A, Chinnaswamy G, Barr RD, Ladas EJ · 2026
93
Efficacy and Safety of Aspirin, Promethazine, and Micronutrients for Rapid Clinical Recovery in Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Kumar GS, Vadgaonkar A, Purunaik S, Shelatkar R, Vaidya VG, Ganu G et al. · 2022
94
Effect of Zinc Supplementation vs Placebo on Mortality Risk and HIV Disease Progression Among HIV-Positive Adults With Heavy Alcohol Use: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Freiberg MS, Cheng DM, Gnatienko N, Blokhina E, Coleman SM, Doyle MF et al. · 2020
95
Zinc for infection prevention in children with sickle cell anemia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Namazzi R, Opoka R, Conroy AL, Datta D, Tagoola A, Bond C et al. · 2023
96
Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual Care on Symptom Length and Reduction Among Ambulatory Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The COVID A to Z Randomized Clinical Trial
Thomas S, Patel D, Bittel B, Wolski K, Wang Q, Kumar A et al. · 2021
97
Daily preventive zinc supplementation increases the antibody response against pathogenic Escherichia coli in children with zinc insufficiency: a randomised controlled trial
Kewcharoenwong C, Sein MM, Nithichanon A, Khongmee A, Wessells KR, Hinnouho GM et al. · 2022
98
Vitamin D and Zinc Supplementation to Improve Treatment Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients in India: Results from a Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Partap U, Sharma KK, Marathe Y, Wang M, Shaikh S, D'Costa P et al. · 2023
99
Exchangeable Zinc Pool Size Reflects Form of Zinc Supplementation in Young Children and Is Not Associated with Markers of Inflammation
Long JM, Khandaker AM, Sthity RA, Westcott JE, Matveev A, Black RE et al. · 2022
100
[Using L- and acetyl-L-carnintines in combination with clomiphene citrate and antioxidant complex for treating idiopathic male infertility: a prospective randomized trial]
Bozhedomov VA, Lipatova NA, Bozhedomova GE, Rokhlikov IM, Shcherbakova EV, Komarina RA · 2017
101
Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: A prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study
Mahjoub L, Youssef R, Yaakoubi H, Salah HB, Jaballah R, Mejri M et al. · 2024
102
Effect of an Immune-Boosting, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Food Supplement in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study
Reino-Gelardo S, Palop-Cervera M, Aparisi-Valero N, Espinosa-San Miguel I, Lozano-Rodríguez N, Llop-Furquet G et al. · 2023
103
EPA and DHA as markers of nutraceutical treatment response in major depressive disorder
van der Burg KP, Cribb L, Firth J, Karmacoska D, Mischoulon D, Byrne GJ et al. · 2020
104
The effect of zinc supplementation on fatigue among elderly community dwellers: A parallel clinical trial
Afzali A, Goli S, Moravveji A, Bagheri H, Mirhosseini S, Ebrahimi H · 2021
105
Effect of zinc supplementation on blood glucose level in different age groups of diabetes type 2
Aslam M, Bashir S, Zeb A · 2023
106
Effect of Supplementation of Zinc, Glutamine, Fiber, and Prebiotics in Presumed Healthy Indonesian Children Aged 1-3 Years
Kadim M, Hegar B, Bardosono S, Timan IS, Gunardi H, Prasetyo D et al. · 2020
107
Effect of Zinc Supplementation in Children Less Than 5 Years on Diarrhea Attacks: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abd El-Ghaffar YS, Shouman AE, Hakim SA, El Gendy YGA, Wahdan MMM · 2022
108
Effects of zinc, vitamin D, and their co-supplementation on mood, serum cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with obesity and mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A phase II, 12-wk, 2 × 2 factorial design, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Yosaee S, Soltani S, Esteghamati A, Motevalian SA, Tehrani-Doost M, Clark CCT et al. · 2020
109
Prevention of Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: The Role of Combined Supplementation with Vitamin D and Antioxidants
Libonati GA, Leone A, Martellucci S, Gallo A, Albera R, Lucisano S et al. · 2022
110
The Effect of Quintuply-Fortified Salt on the Gut Microbiome of Young Children 1-5 y of Age in Punjab, India; A Substudy of a Randomized, Community-Based Trial
Thompson L, Goh YE, Jamwal M, Singh BL, Brar GK, Arnold CD et al. · 2025
111
Immunomodulatory Effects of Zinc and Selenium-Enriched Lentinula edodes Extract: Biochemical Characterization and Bioactivity Relevant to Tuberculosis
Mughal H, Tufail T, Ain HBU, Rasheed A, Alum EU · 2026
112
Effect of Zinc on Testosterone Levels and Sexual Function of Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mazaheri Nia L, Iravani M, Abedi P, Cheraghian B · 2021
113
Effect of a complementary feeding intervention based on iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet on the gut microbiota in 12-18-month-old children: a randomized trial
Huey SL, Cole NL, Pagani I, González A, Finkelstein JL, Haas JD et al. · 2026
114
Effect of Oral Zinc Supplementation on Serum Bilirubin Levels in Term Neonates With Hyperbilirubinemia Undergoing Phototherapy: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Mandlecha TH, Mundada SM, Gire PK, Reddy N, Khaire P, Joshi T et al. · 2023
115
A Clinical Trial about a Food Supplement Containing α-Lipoic Acid on Oxidative Stress Markers in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Derosa G, D'Angelo A, Romano D, Maffioli P · 2016
116
The Effect of Some Micronutrients Multi-Supplementation on Thyroid Function, Metabolic Features and Quality of Life in Patients Treating With Levothyroxine and Vitamin D: A Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Nikkhah M, Vafa M, Abiri B, Golgiri F, Sarbakhsh P, Alaei-Shahmiri F · 2024
117
Efficacy of zinc supplementation for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea: a double-blind randomised controlled trial
Obiagwu HI, Eleje GU, Obiechina NJA, Nwosu BO, Udigwe GO, Ikechebelu JI et al. · 2023
118
Daily Zinc Supplementation for Infection Prevention in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia: The ZIPS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial
Namazzi R, Mellencamp KA, Bagala I, Conroy AL, Kato C, Birungi I et al. · 2026
119
Zinc Supplementation with or without Additional Micronutrients Does Not Affect Peripheral Blood Gene Expression or Serum Cytokine Level in Bangladeshi Children
Hayman T, Hickey P, Amann-Zalcenstein D, Bennett C, Ataide R, Sthity RA et al. · 2021
120
The efficacy of zinc supplementation in young children with acute lower respiratory infections: a randomized double-blind controlled trial
Shah UH, Abu-Shaheen AK, Malik MA, Alam S, Riaz M, Al-Tannir MA · 2013
121
Zinc Supplementation, Inflammation, and Gut Integrity Markers in HIV Infection: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Baissary J, Koberssy Z, Wu Q, Sattar A, Atieh O, Daher J et al. · 2025
122
Zinc as an Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Severe Pneumonia in Children Aged Two Months to Two Years: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Padmini SK, Mahesh K, Durgappa H, Sathiyamoorthi S · 2025
123
A combination of high-dose vitamin C plus zinc for the common cold
Maggini S, Beveridge S, Suter M · 2012
124
[Efficacy and safety of D-mannose (2 g), 24h prolonged release, associated with Proanthocyanidin (PAC), versus isolate PAC, in the management of a series of women with recurrent urinary infections.]
Salinas-Casado J, Méndez-Rubio S, Esteban-Fuertes M, Gómez-Rodríguez A, Vírseda-Chamorro M, Luján-Galán M et al. · 2018
125
Zinc carnosine-based modified bismuth quadruple therapy vs standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled study
Ibrahim N, El Said H, Choukair A · 2022
126
Zinc Supplementation Accelerates Bilirubin Reduction in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Rompis JL, Kurniawan R, Manoppo JIC · 2025
127
Investigating the Efficacy of Zinc and Vitamin A in Treating Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Atta A, Aftab A, Shafqat A, Yousuf MH, Ahmed A, Pirzada H et al. · 2024
128
Dietary supplements to reduce symptom severity and duration in people with SARS-CoV-2: a double-blind randomised controlled trial
Seely D, Legacy M, Conte E, Keates C, Psihogios A, Ramsay T et al. · 2023
129
Zinc oxide-ozonated olive oil as a new root canal filling material in primary molars: a clinical randomized controlled trial
El-Desouky SS, Omer SMM, Ghouraba RF, Latif RMAA, Kabbash IA, Hadwa SM · 2023
130
An in vivo comparative clinical and radiographic evaluation of a mixture of zinc oxide-Ocimum sanctum extract, zinc oxide-ozonated oil, and zinc oxide-eugenol as obturating materials in primary molars
Vachhani K, Rao D, Panwar S, Gupta S · 2022
131
Polaprezinc for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A multi-institutional randomized controlled trial
Kitagawa J, Kobayashi R, Nagata Y, Kasahara S, Ono T, Sawada M et al. · 2021
132
The Efficacy of Zinc Gluconate Supplementation in the Improvement of Malnutrition Indices and Skin Abnormalities in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Tavassoli M, Shahidi S, Askari G, Tavakoli N, Clark CCT, Rouhani MH · 2024
133
Zinc acetate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold: a randomised controlled trial
Hemilä H, Haukka J, Alho M, Vahtera J, Kivimäki M · 2020
134
Randomized Study of the Effects of Zinc, Vitamin A, and Magnesium Co-supplementation on Thyroid Function, Oxidative Stress, and hs-CRP in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Rabbani E, Golgiri F, Janani L, Moradi N, Fallah S, Abiri B et al. · 2021
135
Oral Zinc Supplementation as an Adjunct to Standard Therapy in Children with Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Reddy N, Mundada S, Rathod P, Joshi T, Bhansali P · 2026
136
Combined Effects of Curcumin and Zinc Co-Supplementation on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Prediabetes: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Trial
Azhdari M, Karandish M, Mozaffari-khosravi H, Cheraghian B, Mohammadi SM · 2026
137
Evaluating Oral Glutathione Plus Ascorbic Acid, Alpha-lipoic Acid, and Zinc Aspartate as a Skin-lightening Agent: An Indonesian Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Sitohang IBS, Anwar AI, Jusuf NK, Arimuko A, Norawati L, Veronica S · 2021
138
Dietary supplementation with a novel l-carnitine multi-micronutrient in idiopathic male subfertility involving oligo-, astheno-, teratozoospermia: A randomized clinical study
Kopets R, Kuibida I, Chernyavska I, Cherepanyn V, Mazo R, Fedevych V et al. · 2020
139
Efficacy of antioxidant therapy in mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection: A pilot experimental arm of the CanTreatCOVID adaptive platform trial
Hosseini B, Jenkins D, Daley P, McBrien K, Murthy S, Condon A et al. · 2026
140
Efficacy and Tolerability of a Food Supplement Based on Zea mays L., Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.br.ex Sm, Zinc and Chromium for the Maintenance of Normal Carbohydrate Metabolism: A Monocentric, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Buccato DG, Ullah H, De Lellis LF, Morone MV, Larsen DS, Di Minno A et al. · 2024
141
Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Chhina GS, Chhabra A, Luthra SR, Khattar S, Singh P, Luthra S · 2024
142
Efficacy of Oral Zinc Sulfate Supplementation on Clearance of Cervical Human Papillomavirus (HPV); A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Ayatollahi H, Rajabi E, Yekta Z, Jalali Z · 2022
143
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic, Weight, and Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Sayadi M, Nowbandegani SJ, Inalou FB, Nazemzadegan B, Javidi Alsaadi S, Eskandari M et al. · 2025
144
Effects of perioperative vitamin E and zinc co-supplementation on systemic inflammation and length of stay following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Makiabadi E, Nakhaeizadeh R, Soleimani M, Nasrollahzadeh J · 2024
145
[Yiqi Zhujing granule for idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia: a clinical study]
Huang XF, He Y, Fan Q, Wang Q, Ning KQ · 2013
146
The effect of oral zinc on hemoglobin and dose of erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients
Seirafian S, Feizi A, Shahidi S, Badri SS, Rouhani MH, Najafabadi PP et al. · 2023
147
The hypolipidemic and pleiotropic effects of rosuvastatin are not enhanced by its association with zinc and selenium supplementation in coronary artery disease patients: a double blind randomized controlled study
Sena-Evangelista KC, Pedrosa LF, Paiva MS, Dias PC, Ferreira DQ, Cozzolino SM et al. · 2015
148
Evaluation of in vivo supplementation of 2660 mg D-aspartic acid and 200 mg ubiquinol and 10 mg zinc on different semen parameters in idiopathic male infertility: a randomized double blind placebo controlled study
GamalEl Din SF, A M E, Elkhiat Y, Hussein T, AbdElSalam MA, Alam A et al. · 2025
149
Prebiotic- and Panthenol-Containing Multipurpose Healing Dermocosmetics Post-Cryotherapy for Actinic Keratoses: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Ariasi C, Romanò C, Tomasi C, Soglia S, Licata G, Rubelli L et al. · 2025
150
Combined Inositols, α-Lactalbumin, Gymnema Sylvestre and Zinc Improve the Lipid Metabolic Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Nani A, Bertuzzi F, Meneghini E, Mion E, Pintaudi B · 2023
151
Zinc Acetate Hydrate Supplementation versus Polaprezinc Supplementation for Improving Hypozincemia in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Kumagai E, Furumachi K, Kurihara A, Hosokawa K, Hosohata K, Takai S et al. · 2023
152
The effect of Breezy candy on halitosis: a double-blind, controlled, and randomized study
Barak S, Katz J · 2012
153
Demonstrating zinc and iron bioavailability from intrinsically labeled microencapsulated ferrous fumarate and zinc gluconate Sprinkles in young children
Zlotkin SH, Schauer C, Owusu Agyei S, Wolfson J, Tondeur MC, Asante KP et al. · 2006
154
Safety of zinc gluconate glycine (Cold-Eeze) in a geriatric population: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
Silk R, LeFante C · 2005
155
Effect and Tolerability of a Nutritional Supplement Based on a Synergistic Combination of β-Glucans and Selenium- and Zinc-Enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ABB C1®) in Volunteers Receiving the Influenza or the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Rodriguez JAM, Bifano M, Roca Goma E, Plasencia CM, Torralba AO, Font MS et al. · 2021
156
Zinc adjuvant treatment in SARS-CoV-2: A randomized clinical trial
Gómez-Zorrilla S, Sendra E, Du J, Espona M, Fierro-Villegas A, Siverio A et al. · 2025
157
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zinc supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention of stunting: analysis of maternal serum zinc, cord blood osteocalcin and neonatal birth length
Rohmawati L, Keumala Sari D, Sitepu M, Rusmil K · 2021
158
Zinc supplementation ameliorates type 2 diabetes markers through the enhancement of total antioxidant capacity in overweight patients
Nazem MR, Asadi M, Adelipour M, Jabbari N, Allameh A · 2023
159
The effect of multivitamins on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Lagzi N, Bateni A, Goli R, Talebiazar N · 2023
160
Effects of zinc supplementation on superoxide dismutase activity and gene expression, and metabolic parameters in overweight type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
Nazem MR, Asadi M, Jabbari N, Allameh A · 2019
161
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Improvement of Premenstrual Symptoms in Female University Students: a Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Ahmadi M, Khansary S, Parsapour H, Alizamir A, Pirdehghan A · 2023
162
Efficacy of Zinc Supplement in Minimal hepatic Encephalopathy: A prospective, Randomized Controlled Study (Zinc-MHE Trial)
Janyajirawong R, Vilaichone RK, Sethasine S · 2021
163
Investigating the effect of zinc supplementation on probability of relapse and mental health in patients with opioid use disorder undergoing methadone maintenance treatment
Amini Z, HeidariFarsani E · 2023
164
Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Thyroid Function in Overweight and Obese Hypothyroid Female Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Mahmoodianfard S, Vafa M, Golgiri F, Khoshniat M, Gohari M, Solati Z et al. · 2015
165
The effectiveness of zinc supplementation in men with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Liu YL, Zhang MN, Tong GY, Sun SY, Zhu YH, Cao Y et al. · 2017
166
Zinc in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Yang CH, Ko MT, Peng JP, Hwang CF · 2011
167
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study Evaluating a Dietary Supplement for Hair Growth
Martin-Biggers J, Barbosa Bueno de Campos ME · 2024
168
A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children
Rerksuppaphol S, Rerksuppaphol L · 2019
169
Additional Effects of Nutritional Antioxidant Supplementation on Peripheral Muscle during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Gouzi F, Maury J, Héraud N, Molinari N, Bertet H, Ayoub B et al. · 2019
170
Efficacy and safety of a multiherbal formula with vitamin C and zinc (Immumax) in the management of the common cold
Yakoot M, Salem A · 2011
171
Zinc-L-Carnosine (Polaprezinc) in managing infant regurgitation: a two-center randomized controlled trial
Piccirillo M, Mennini M, Felici E, Mauro A, Bernardo L, Baldassarre ME et al. · 2026
172
Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Inflammatory Status and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Overweight or Obese Children: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Ostadmohammadi V, Namazi MJ, Rezasoltani M, Kheirkhah D, Rajabi M, Sharif A et al. · 2024
173
Zinc and selenium supplementation on treated HIV-infected individuals induces changes in body composition and on the expression of genes responsible of naïve CD8+ T cells function
Osuna-Padilla IA, Rodríguez-Moguel NC, Aguilar-Vargas A, Tolentino-Dolores M, Perichart-Perera O, Ahumada-Topete V et al. · 2024
174
Investigating the effect of Zinc supplementation on the metabolic profile and expression of Nrf2, PPARγ and IL-10 genes in patients undergoing Methadone Maintenance Treatment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Trial
Ghaseminejad A, Ghaderi A, Ghotloo S, Akbari H, Bahmani F, Aghadavood E et al. · 2023
175
Assessing the Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Frequency of Migraine Attack, Duration, Severity, Lipid Profile and hs-CRP in Adult Women
Mazaheri M, Aghdam AM, Heidari M, Zarrin R · 2021
176
Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Physical and Psychological Symptoms, Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Young Women with Premenstrual Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Jafari F, Amani R, Tarrahi MJ · 2020
177
Effects of zinc supplementation on serum adiponectin concentration and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes
Asghari S, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Alipoor E, Sehat M, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR · 2019
178
Effects of zinc supplementation on the anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose in the healthy obese adults
Payahoo L, Ostadrahimi A, Mobasseri M, Khaje Bishak Y, Farrin N, Asghari Jafarabadi M et al. · 2013
179
The role of antioxidants and zinc in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized trial
Mousa N, Abdel-Razik A, Zaher A, Hamed M, Shiha G, Effat N et al. · 2016
180
Zinc supplementation and the effects on metabolic status in gestational diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Karamali M, Heidarzadeh Z, Seifati SM, Samimi M, Tabassi Z, Hajijafari M et al. · 2015
181
Efficacy of myo-inositol and zinc on insulin resistance in a paediatric population with obesity
Antoniotti V, Partenope C, Solito A, Mancioppi V, Baima J, Medina F et al. · 2025
182
The effect of zinc and vitamin E cosupplementation on metabolic status and its related gene expression in patients with gestational diabetes
Ostadmohammadi V, Samimi M, Mobini M, Zarezade Mehrizi M, Aghadavod E, Chamani M et al. · 2019
183
Effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc gluconate, and selenomethionine supplementation on muscle function and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
Passerieux E, Hayot M, Jaussent A, Carnac G, Gouzi F, Pillard F et al. · 2015
184
The effects of zinc supplementation on clinical response and metabolic profiles in pregnant women at risk for intrauterine growth restriction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Mesdaghinia E, Naderi F, Bahmani F, Chamani M, Ghaderi A, Asemi Z · 2021
185
Brief Report: Zinc Supplementation and Inflammation in Treated HIV
Dirajlal-Fargo S, Yu J, Kulkarni M, Sattar A, Funderburg N, Barkoukis H et al. · 2019
186
Erythrocyte Zn concentration and antioxidant response after supplementation with Zn in a postmenopausal population. A double-blind randomized trial
Vázquez-Lorente H, Molina-López J, Herrera-Quintana L, Gamarra-Morales Y, Quintero-Osso B, López-González B et al. · 2022
187
Effect of zinc supplementation on circulating concentrations of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate in a postmenopausal population
Vázquez-Lorente H, Herrera-Quintana L, Molina-López J, Gamarra Y, Planells E · 2022
188
Impact of a New Preoperative Immune-Nutrition Protocol Using Zinc on Hospital Outcomes of Children with Hirschsprung's Disease: A Novel Randomized Controlled Trial
Ibrahim HAA, Kaddah S, Mohamed RME, Khedr S · 2025
189
A randomized clinical study to evaluate the possible antifibrotic effect of zinc sulfate in chronic HCV patient receiving direct-acting anti-viral therapy
El-Haggar SM, Attalla DS, Elhelbawy M, El-Afify DR · 2025
190
Effect of zinc-containing pessaries on menopausal genitourinary syndrome, a double-blind randomised trial
Mousa A, Elgarhi I, Ibrahim B, Atalla E, Abdel-Rasheed M, Nagy O et al. · 2025
191
Effect of zinc supplementation on atherogenic risk indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Mohammadi F, Mohsenpour MA, Rezaei SMA, Eftekhari MH · 2025
192
Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Metabolomic Profiles in Tanzanian Infants: A Randomized Trial
Liu E, Manji KP, Kirby MA, Kisenge R, Lauer JM, Fawzi WW et al. · 2024
193
The Efficacy of Cryotherapy and Zinc Gluconate in Management of Anogenital Warts: A Randomized Double-Blind, Split-Side, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Ghahartars M, Sahaf A, Parvar SY, Ahramiyanpour N · 2023
194
The effects of zinc supplementation on the metabolic factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Rezaei SMA, Mohammadi F, Eftekhari MH, Ejtehadi F, Ghaem H, Mohammadipoor N · 2023
195
Regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by zinc supplementation in Behçet's disease patients: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
Faghfouri AH, Baradaran B, Khabbazi A, Abdoli Shadbad M, Papi S, Faghfuri E et al. · 2022
196
Immunomodulatory and clinical responses to zinc gluconate supplementation in patients with Behçet's disease: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
Faghfouri AH, Khabbazi A, Baradaran B, Khajebishak Y, Baghbani E, Noorolyai S et al. · 2022
197
Effect of Melatonin Plus Zinc Supplementation on Fatigue Perception in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Castro-Marrero J, Zaragozá M, López-Vílchez I, Galmés JL, Domingo JC, Maurel S et al. · 2021
198
Effect of zinc supplementation on renal and sexual function of men with diabetic nephropathy and impotence, a randomized double-blind cross over clinical trial
Sharifi F, Shajari Z, Feizy A · 2021
199
Zinc Supplementation and the Effects on Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Karamali M, Heidarzadeh Z, Seifati SM, Samimi M, Tabassi Z, Talaee N et al. · 2016
200
Zinc gluconate in the treatment of dysgeusia--a randomized clinical trial
Heckmann SM, Hujoel P, Habiger S, Friess W, Wichmann M, Heckmann JG et al. · 2005
201
The effects of zinc supplementation on body fat mass in hemodialysis patients: An open-label randomized controlled trial
Fukasawa H, Yamawaki M, Furuya J, Omata K, Kaneko M, Matsuyama T et al. · 2025
202
Supportive treatment of vascular dysfunction in pediatric subjects with obesity: the OBELIX study
Pecoraro L, Zoller T, Atkinson RL, Nisi F, Antoniazzi F, Cavarzere P et al. · 2022
203
The Effects of Adding Probiotic, Alone and in Combination With Zinc, to Routine Treatment on Recurrence of Hepatic Encephalopathy, Quality of Life, and Sleep Quality in Patients With Cirrhosis: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial
Amooyi L, Alizadeh L, Sarbakhsh P, Shojaei-Zarghani S, Gharekhani A · 2025
204
Zinc-L-carnosine mouthwash in oral mucositis patients: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Togni L, Sparabombe S, Mascitti M, Barlattani A, Isola G, Lo Russo L et al. · 2026
205
To evaluate the effect of oral zinc supplementation on salivary MMP-8 levels in periodontitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Gupta V, Rastogi P, Ajay S, Lal N, Verma UP, Singhal R et al. · 2025
206
Clinical Effects of Zinc-containing Stents on Gingivitis: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Alkaya B, Kayhan HG, Demirbilek F, Sahin M, Totik N, Ozcan M et al. · 2025
207
Supplementary zinc and vitamin D in management of symptomatic oral lichen planus: a three-arm randomized clinical trial
Aboushousha A, Kamal Y, Ali S · 2025
208
Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Inflammatory and Cognitive Parameters in Middle-Aged Women with Overweight or Obesity
de Vargas LDS, Jantsch J, Fontoura JR, Dorneles GP, Peres A, Guedes RP · 2023
209
Evaluating the Effect of Oxytocin and Zinc Sulphate on Reproductive Indices in Opiate-Addicted Men Receiving Methadone Maintenance Therapy: A Randomized, Double-Masked Clinical Trial
Mirzai N, Saboory E, Faridi A · 2025
210
Analysis of zinc and copper levels in very low birth weight infants using human milk additives: phase 1 trial findings
Oliveira RG, Achcar-Feih MC, Nogueira-Pileggi V, Carnevale-Silva A, Carmona F, Aragon DC et al. · 2025
211
Effect of daily zinc supplementation for 12 weeks on serum thyroid auto-antibody levels in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis - a randomized controlled trial
Sivakumar RR, Chinnaiah Govindareddy D, Sahoo J, Bobby Z, Chinnakali P · 2024
212
Effect of oral zinc regimens on human hepatic copper content: a randomized intervention study
Munk DE, Lund Laursen T, Teicher Kirk F, Vilstrup H, Ala A, Gormsen LC et al. · 2022
213
The Impact of Zinc Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Opioid Addicts-Withdrawal Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Keshavarzi A, Hassanalizade A, Ranjbar A, Ghaleiha A, Vafaei SY, Rezaei S et al. · 2021
214
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Expressed Levels of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma and Glucose Transporter Type 1 Genes in Newborns of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Heidarzadeh Z, Samimi M, Seifati SM, Ashkezari MD, Ahmadi S, Mahmoodi S et al. · 2017
215
Use of zinc supplements to reduce upper respiratory infections in United States Air Force Academy cadets
Veverka DV, Wilson C, Martinez MA, Wenger R, Tamosuinas A · 2009
216
Biofortified Yellow-Fleshed Potatoes Provide More Absorbable Zinc than a Commonly Consumed Variety: A Randomized Trial Using Stable Isotopes in Women in the Peruvian Highlands
Liria-Domínguez R, Penny M, Kroon PA, Burgos G, Dainty J, Zeder C et al. · 2023
217
Effect of a fermented dietary supplement containing chromium and zinc on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over study
Lee YM, Wolf P, Hauner H, Skurk T · 2016
218
Efficacy and tolerability of zinc acetate for treatment of chronic refractory cough: pilot randomised futility trial
Balasubramanian A, Holbrook JT, Canning BJ, Que LG, Castro M, Make BJ et al. · 2023
219
Effectiveness and Safety of Metformin versus Canthex™ in Patients with Acanthosis Nigricans: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial
Sett A, Pradhan S, Sancheti K, Basu D, Datta A, Biswas L et al. · 2019
220
Effects of zinc, magnesium, and chromium supplementation on cardiometabolic risk in adults with metabolic syndrome: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial
Kim HN, Kim SH, Eun YM, Song SW · 2018
221
Effect of zinc supplementation on viral response in patients with chronic hepatitis C and Beta thalassemia major, a pilot study
Abbasinazari M, Alavian SM, Behnava B, Asgharinia M, Salimi S, Keshvari M et al. · 2014
222
Effect of zinc supplementation on serum zinc concentration and T cell proliferation in nursing home elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Barnett JB, Dao MC, Hamer DH, Kandel R, Brandeis G, Wu D et al. · 2016
223
Effect of a Nutritional Support System (Diet and Supplements) for Improving Gross Motor Function in Cerebral Palsy: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Leal-Martínez F, Franco D, Peña-Ruiz A, Castro-Silva F, Escudero-Espinosa AA, Rolón-Lacarrier OG et al. · 2020
224
Effects of Macuprev® Supplementation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Double-Blind Randomized Morpho-Functional Study Along 6 Months of Follow-Up
Parravano M, Tedeschi M, Manca D, Costanzo E, Di Renzo A, Giorno P et al. · 2019
225
The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial
Zavros A, Andreou E, Aphamis G, Bogdanis GC, Sakkas GK, Roupa Z et al. · 2023
226
Efficacy of zinc-carnosine chelate compound, Polaprezinc, enemas in patients with ulcerative colitis
Itagaki M, Saruta M, Saijo H, Mitobe J, Arihiro S, Matsuoka M et al. · 2014
227
The effects of 3-month supplementation with synbiotic on patient-reported outcomes, exercise tolerance, and brain and muscle metabolism in adult patients with post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome (STOP-FATIGUE): a randomized Placebo-controlled clinical trial
Ranisavljev M, Stajer V, Todorovic N, Ostojic J, Cvejic JH, Steinert RE et al. · 2024
228
The effect of botulinum toxin A in patients with excessive gingival display with and without zinc supplementation: randomized clinical trial
Shemais N, Elarab AE, ElNahass H · 2021
229
Effectiveness of polaprezinc for low-dose aspirin-induced small-bowel mucosal injuries as evaluated by capsule endoscopy: a pilot randomized controlled study
Watari I, Oka S, Tanaka S, Aoyama T, Imagawa H, Shishido T et al. · 2013
230
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Zinc-L-Carnosine in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Study
Berti A, Manera C, Dhelpra I, Tomasin M, Bacci C · 2025
231
Rapid and Visible Efficacy of a Dermocosmetic in Acne Patients With Fair Skin Phototypes: Results of a Randomized Split-Face Study
Queille-Roussel C, Odeimi J, Broallier M, Kerob D, Tan J · 2026
232
Absorption kinetics of vitamins and minerals from a novel nutritional product in physically active adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Sapp PA, Townsend JR, Kirby TO, Edwards CG, La Monica MB, Ziegenfuss TN et al. · 2026
233
Absorption Kinetics of Vitamins and Minerals from a Novel Nutritional Product in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial
Sapp PA, Townsend JR, Kirby TO, Edwards CG, La Monica MB, Ziegenfuss TN et al. · 2026
234
Glycoprotein Matrix Zinc Exhibits Improved Absorption: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Jäger R, Purpura M, Davis J, Keratsopoulos N, Parra ME, Secrest AH et al. · 2024
235
Comparative absorption of zinc picolinate, zinc citrate and zinc gluconate in humans
Barrie SA, Wright JV, Pizzorno JE, Kutter E, Barron PC · 1987
236
The effects of sugar-free chewing gums on dental plaque regrowth: a comparative study
Pizzo G, Licata ME, La Cara M, Pizzo I, Guiglia R, Melilli D · 2007
237
The pharmacokinetics of zinc from zinc gluconate: a comparison with zinc oxide in healthy men
Siepmann M, Spank S, Kluge A, Schappach A, Kirch W · 2005
238
Effects of Toothpaste Containing 2% Zinc Citrate on Gingival Health and Three Related Bacteria-A Randomized Double-Blind Study
Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Liao B, Chen X, Niu Y, Ren B · 2024
239
Efficacy of Multiple Micronutrient Supplements during Pregnancy on Zinc Status among Pregnant Women in Ghana: A Randomized Trial
Wessells KR, Adu-Afarwuah S, Arnold CD, Okronipa H, Lartey A, Dewey KG et al. · 2026
240
Use of a hypercaloric and hyperprotein supplement enriched with immunonutrients in multi-pathological malnourished patients to improve the incidence and prevalence of pressure sores: A randomized controlled trial
Sánchez-Sánchez E, Díaz-Jiménez J, García-García A, Úbeda-Iglesias A, Muñoz-Tejada B, Martínez-Diegues J et al. · 2026
241
Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Keenan TDL, Agrón E, Keane PA, Domalpally A, Chew EY, Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group et al. · 2025
242
Randomized, multicenter, active-controlled open-label study of NPC-25, zinc histidine hydrate, (non-inferiority to NOBELZIN™, zinc acetate dihydrate) for patients with hypozincemia
Asaoka D, Ishihara T, Ezoe S, Hamada I, Kitamura M, Uchino K et al. · 2025
243
Effects of Perioperative Zinc Supplementation on Copper Circulating Levels and Expression of Metallothionein and Copper Antioxidant Chaperone-1 in Leukocytes in Patients Undergoing CABG Surgery
Makiabadi E, Nasrollahzadeh J, Nakhaeizadeh R, Shahparvari MR, Roohelhami E · 2025
244
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Polaprezinc Granules Oral Administration in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions
Xiao M, Dou T, Ji J, Zhu C, Yuan Y, Zhou H et al. · 2025
245
Open, Randomised, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Role of a Dietary Supplement Containing Pelargonium sidoides Extract, Honey, Propolis, and Zinc as Adjuvant Treatment in Children with Acute Tonsillopharyngitis
Cardinale F, Barattini DF, Centi A, Giuntini G, Bordea MM, Herteg D et al. · 2025
246
Impact of a pre-school milk on nutrient status, intake and growth in children aged 3-5 years old: a 16-week randomized, parallel clinical study
Estorninos E, Lawenko RB, Lebumfacil JD, Posecion JEWC, Delos Reyes VC, Petit-Jean A et al. · 2025
247
Effects of aerobic exercise and antioxidant micronutrients on leptin levels in pregnancy: a sub-analysis from a double-blinded randomised controlled trial
Suárez-Ortegón MF, Ortega-Avila JG, Echeverri I, Mateus JC, Mosquera M · 2025
248
Icarifil® in Association with Daily Use of Tadalafil (5 mg) versus Standard Tadalafil Daily Dose (5 mg) or Alone: Results from a Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial
Cai T, Palumbo F, Miacola C, Ceruti C, Rizzo M, Liguori G et al. · 2024
249
Effect of probiotics plus zinc supplementation on clinical outcomes of infants and children with acute infectious diarrhea: a randomized controlled trial
Abdulah DM, Sulaiman SJ, Ahmed ZW · 2024
250
The clinical and microbiological efficacy of a zinc-citrate/hydroxyapatite/potassium-citrate containing toothpaste: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
Josic U, Maravic T, Mazzitelli C, Rinaldi L, D'Alessandro C, D'Urso D et al. · 2024
251
Effect of Zinc and Vitamin E on Blood Testosterone and Inflammatory Markers in Male Patients Undergoing Heart Surgery
Nasrollahzadeh J, Makiabadi E, Reza Shahparvari M, Nilghaz M, Narimani B, Rajabpour Ranjbar Y · 2024
252
Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatigue Effects of an Oral Food Supplement in Long COVID Patients
Noce A, Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Vita C, Montalto G, Giorgino G et al. · 2024
253
The Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement with Honey, Propolis, Pelargonium sidoides Extract, and Zinc in Children Affected by Acute Tonsillopharyngitis: An Open, Randomized, and Controlled Trial
Cardinale F, Barattini DF, Martinucci V, Bordea MM, Barattini L, Rosu S · 2024
254
Adjuvant therapy with zinc supplementation; anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative role in multiple myeloma patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Jahankhani K, Taghipour N, Nikoonezhad M, Behboudi H, Mehdizadeh M, Kadkhoda D et al. · 2024
255
In Males with Adequate Dietary Needs Who Present No Sleep Disturbances, Is an Acute Intake of Zinc Magnesium Aspartate, Following Either Two Consecutive Nights of 8 or 4 h of Sleep Deprivation, Beneficial for Sleep and Morning Stroop Interference Performance?
Edwards BJ, Adam RL, Gallagher C, Germaine M, Hulton AT, Pullinger SA et al. · 2024
256
The Role of Zinc Supplementation in Alleviating Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Placebo Controlled, Crossover Trial
Mastoor-Tehrani S, Samadian F, Esmaily H, Kargar A, Markazi N, Anvari S et al. · 2024
257
[Effects of zinc and resveratrol as modulators of leptin response in adults with obesity]
Portillo Siqueiros EY, Santellano-Estrada E, Flores Villalobos MÁ, Roacho Soto MG, Martínez Flórez S · 2024
258
Zinc supplementation decreased incidence of grade ≥2 hand-foot skin reaction induced by regorafenib: A phase II randomized clinical trial
Huang WK, Hsu HC, Yang TS, Lu CW, Pan YR, Wu CE et al. · 2023
259
The impact of zinc and folic acid supplementation on sperm DNA methylation: results from the folic acid and zinc supplementation randomized clinical trial (FAZST)
Jenkins T, Aston K, Carrell D, DeVilbiss E, Sjaarda L, Perkins N et al. · 2022
260
Bioequivalence of micronutrient powders to Corn-soy Blend on serum zinc concentration of children (6-36 months) with Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Thika urban slums, Kenya: A cluster-randomized controlled trial
Kiio J, Ochola S, Nduati R, Kuria E, Mathenge S, Okoth J · 2022
261
Consumption of Micronutrient Powder, Syrup or Fortified Food Significantly Improves Zinc and Iron Status in Young Mexican Children: A Cluster Randomized Trial
García-Guerra A, Rivera JA, Neufeld LM, Quezada-Sánchez AD, Dominguez Islas C, Fernández-Gaxiola AC et al. · 2022
262
Nutraceutical approaches to homocysteine lowering in hypertensive subjects at low cardiovascular risk: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial
Mazza A, Cicero AF, Ramazzina E, Lenti S, Schiavon L, Casiglia E et al. · 2016
263
Medical treatment of traumatic anosmia
Jiang RS, Twu CW, Liang KL · 2015
264
Clinical evaluation of the bioavailability of zinc-enriched yeast and zinc gluconate in healthy volunteers
Tompkins TA, Renard NE, Kiuchi A · 2007
265
Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of polaprezinc as an adjuvant therapy in enhancing fracture healing in adults with closed fractures: a prospective study
Nagnur MI, Maryam, Fatima R, Ahsan A, Badgail HA, Malik A · 2026
266
Zinc supplementation influences genomic stability biomarkers, antioxidant activity, and zinc transporter genes in an elderly Australian population with low zinc status
Sharif R, Thomas P, Zalewski P, Fenech M · 2015
267
Effect of dietary zinc and phytase supplementation on botulinum toxin treatments
Koshy JC, Sharabi SE, Feldman EM, Hollier LH, Patrinely JR, Soparkar CN · 2012
268
Ineffectiveness of zinc gluconate nasal spray and zinc orotate lozenges in common-cold treatment: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Eby GA, Halcomb WW · 2006
269
Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of zinc picolinate for taste disorders
Sakai F, Yoshida S, Endo S, Tomita H · 2002
270
Absorption of Zinc from Mixed Diets Containing Conventional Bangladeshi Rice, Zinc-Biofortified Bangladeshi Rice, or Conventional Bangladeshi Rice with Added Zinc among Young Children from a Peri-Urban Community in Bangladesh
Islam MM, Woodhouse LR, Westcott J, Sthity RA, Mim KA, Ahmed M et al. · 2026
271
Effects of L-carnosine and its zinc complex (Polaprezinc) on pressure ulcer healing
Sakae K, Agata T, Kamide R, Yanagisawa H · 2013
272
Effect of zinc supplementation on inflammatory markers and adipokines in young obese women
Kim J, Ahn J · 2014
273
Effect of Oral Zinc Supplementation on Phase Angle and Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial
Vermeulen-Serpa KM, Lopes MMGD, Alves CX, Grilo EC, Cunha TA, Miranda CTOF et al. · 2024
274
Preliminary Comparison of Fractional Absorption of Zinc Sulphate, Zinc Gluconate, and Zinc Aspartate after Oral Supple-Mentation in Healthy Human Volunteers
Piacenza F, Giacconi R, Costarelli L, Malavolta M · 2023
275
Moderately High Dose Zinc Gluconate or Zinc Glycinate: Effects on Plasma Zinc and Erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase Activities in Young Adult Women
DiSilvestro RA, Koch E, Rakes L · 2015
276
Potential antioxidant effects of zinc and chromium supplementation in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Anderson RA, Roussel AM, Zouari N, Mahjoub S, Matheau JM, Kerkeni A · 2001
277
[Therapeutic efficacy of zinc picolinate in patients with taste disorders]
Sakai F, Yoshida S, Endo S, Tomita H · 1995
278
The Impact of Zinc Supplementation on Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Xia W, Li C, Zhao D, Xu L, Kuang M, Yao X et al. · 2022
279
Treatment with Zinc is Associated with Reduced In-Hospital Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-Center Cohort Study
frontera JA, Rahimian JO, Yaghi S, Liu M, Lewis A, Havenon Ad et al. · 2020
280
Prenatal and preschool micronutrient supplementation and behavioral outcomes in school-aged children in Nepal-a cohort study
Christian P, Zavala E, Hurley KM, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Fune Wu LS et al. · 2025
281
Motor and cognitive development is associated with anthropometry and severe zinc deficiency in infants, in rural Madagascar
Fortin S, Razafindratsima Y, Razakandrainy A, Randremanana R, Ralison C, Baldwin D et al. · 2026
282
Associations between dietary patterns and adequate intake of climate-sensitive micronutrients among young children living in Siaya County, Kenya: Findings from the ALIMUS study baseline data
Kihagi GW, Mank I, Kurniawan AL, Osei TB, Stieglbauer G, Mbata M et al. · 2026
283
Prevalence of Zinc Deficiency and the Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infections
Khera D, Singh S, Purohit P, Sharma P, Singh K · 2020
284
Safety and Tolerability of Multimodal Therapy (Ivermectin, Doxycycline, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc) With or Without Famotidine in Australian Patients With COVID-19 Infection: A Pilot Cohort Trial
McLindon LA, Ried K, Wauchope B, Murnane L, Harradine E, Seman J · 2026
285
Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Vogel-González M, Talló-Parra M, Herrera-Fernández V, Pérez-Vilaró G, Chillón M, Nogués X et al. · 2021
286
Zinc Deficiency Among Children Living with HIV on Antiretroviral therapy in Lagos, Nigeria
Fakile UO, Akinsete AM, Akintan PE, Oyenusi EE, Abdulraheem KS, Temiye EO · 2025
287
Association between perioperative zinc supplementation and recovery of walking ability after hip fracture surgery: a propensity score-matched study
Unno H, Hasegawa T, Sato M, Kobayashi G, Tone S, Naito Y et al. · 2026
288
Assessment of the Benefit of a Deep Cleansing Gel Containing Salicylic Acid 2%, Zinc Gluconate 0.2% and Lipohydroxy Acids 0.05% in Patients with Mild to Moderate Truncal Acne: Results from an Exploratory Study
Towersey L, Correia P, Fajgenbaum Feiges M, Euzébio Gonçalves Junior J, Sant'Anna B, Kerob D et al. · 2023
289
Personalized Supplementation Is Associated with Reduced Inflammatory Biomarkers: A 12-Week Observational Study
Roeth E, Morris M, Reynolds AP, Reynolds EM, Hungerford R, Livingston EJ et al. · 2025
290
Patient preferences in managing zinc deficiency in celiac disease: Insights to inform future clinical trial design
Verma AK, Tandon S, Graham K, Blom JJ, Russell L, Morgan J et al. · 2026
291
Self-Reported Changes in Premenstrual and Menstrual Symptoms among Females Taking a Novel Multinutrient Supplement: A Pilot Study
Smith M, Mitschke S, van der Schoot A · 2026
292
Treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder with nutraceuticals (TRON): a 20-week, open label pilot study
Sarris J, Byrne GJ, Oliver G, Cribb L, Blair-West S, Castle D et al. · 2022
293
Evaluation of the Effect of Zinc, Quercetin, Bromelain and Vitamin C on COVID-19 Patients
Kamel A, Abdelseed H, Albalawi Y, Aslsalameen E, Almutairi Y, Alkattan A · 2020
294
Localized scleroderma and zinc: a pilot study
Brocard A, Quereux G, Moyse D, Dreno B · 2010
295
Zinc Supplementation Trial in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: Effects on Circulating FGF-23 and Klotho
Belostotsky V, Atkinson SA, Filler G · 2024
296
Safety and feasibility of oral zinc for patients with GNAO1-related disorders (ZINCGNAO1): an open-label, single-arm, single-centre, pilot trial in Germany
Thiel M, Martakis K, Duran I, Dafsari HS, Schiller P, Weliwitage J et al. · 2026
297
Long-term effects of zinc replacement therapy continuation in hemodialysis patients on mortality and nutritional indices: A posthoc analysis
Furumachi K, Hara Y, Hosokawa K, Kurihara A, Kumagai E, Hosohata K et al. · 2026
298
Prospective Evaluation of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc Deficiencies in Patients with Active Foot Ulceration
Bechara N, Tehan P, Gunton JE · 2026
299
Association of zinc deficiency and risk of new-onset dementia: a retrospective cohort study
Huang SH, Weng HL, Hung KC, Ho CN, Tsai WW, Lai YC et al. · 2025
300
Zinc deficiency as a contributor to acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease: a propensity score-matched retrospective analysis
Lai YC, Yu TS, Hung KC, Wu JY, Tan PH, Ho CN et al. · 2025
301
Modulation of adipose inflammation and mitochondrial pathways by a yeast-derived β-1,3/1,6-glucan and vitamin complex: an open-label pilot study of Lalmin® immune pro in older overweight adults
Pritchard J, Struszczak L, Henry C, Lugtmeijer C, Bowtell J, O'Leary M · 2025
302
Serum Zinc Concentration in Patients with Alopecia Areata
Lalosevic J, Gajic-Veljic M, Lalosevic Misovic J, Nikolic M · 2023
303
The Role of Zinc in Pediatric Respiratory Infections: Evidence from Clinical Trials and Real-World Studies
Dinardo G, Indolfi C, Klain A, Grella C, Tosca MA, Miraglia Del Giudice M et al. · 2026
304
Nutritional modulation of male fertility: a molecular-focused scoping review
Ramgir-Naidu S, Abubakar YA, Soni M · 2026
305
Micronutrient deficiencies after pancreatico-duodenectomy: A narrative review of the literature and recommendations for clinical practice
Phillips ME, Livingstone C, Frampton AE, Hart KH · 2025
306
Protective Role of Key Micronutrients in Chemotherapy-Induced Organ Toxicity: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications
Konstantinidis I, Tsokkou S, Gavriilaki E, Delis G, Papamitsou T · 2025
307
The influence of zinc levels on osteoarthritis: A comprehensive review
Tekeoğlu İ, Şahin MZ, Kamanlı A, Nas K · 2025
308
Zinc Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis: Insights from Basic Research to Clinical Implications
Nakatani S, Morioka T, Morioka F, Mori K, Emoto M · 2025
309
Zinc, Copper, and Manganese Supplementations in Rheumatic Disease: A Narrative Review
de Carvalho JF, Martinez ATA · 2025
310
Magnesium, Zinc and Copper in Lung Fibrosis: A Narrative Review
Nechifor M, Zamfir CL, Gales C · 2025
311
History of Changes in the Protocol of Clinical Trial of Zinc Supplementation in Treatment of COVID-19 by Hydroxychloroquine
Sornsil D, Harada KH, Phosri A · 2024
312
Diagnosis and treatment of taste disorders in Japan
Nin T, Tsuzuki K · 2024
313
Zinc and Diabetes: A Connection between Micronutrient and Metabolism
Ahmad R, Shaju R, Atfi A, Razzaque MS · 2024
314
The Impact of Nutritional Components on Periodontal Health: A Literature Review
Berg Y, Gabay E, Božić D, Shibli JA, Ginesin O, Asbi T et al. · 2024
315
The effect of Vitamin C and Zn supplementation on the immune system and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients
Firouzi S, Pahlavani N, Navashenaq JG, Clayton ZS, Beigmohammadi MT, Malekahmadi M · 2022
316
Therapeutic supplementation with zinc in the management of COVID-19-related diarrhea and ageusia/dysgeusia: mechanisms and clues for a personalized dosage regimen
Santos HO · 2022
317
Nutritional risk of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and selenium deficiency on risk and clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A narrative review
Pedrosa LFC, Barros ANAB, Leite-Lais L · 2022
318
Zinc and gut microbiota in health and gastrointestinal disease under the COVID-19 suggestion
Scarpellini E, Balsiger LM, Maurizi V, Rinninella E, Gasbarrini A, Giostra N et al. · 2022
319
Male infertility: lifestyle factors and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies
Yao DF, Mills JN · 2016
320
Zinc lozenges as cure for the common cold--a review and hypothesis
Eby GA · 2010

Every statement on this page carries its evidence tier — proven, plausible or hypothesis — and leads to the original work. The decision in the individual case rests with the practitioner; we provide the connections.